ISLAMIC MICROFINANCE FOR RURAL FARMERS: A PROPOSED CONTRACTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR AMANAH IKHTIAR MALAYSIA (Kewangan Mikro Islam dalam Kalangan Petani Luar Bandar: Rangka Kerja Cadangan kepada Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia)

Abidullah Abid, Muhammad Hakimi Mohd Shafiai

Abstract


ABSTRACT
Rural poverty is considered as a major challenge for the current economies. In Malaysia, the rural farmers faces problems in the cultivation process due to unavailability of financial support. The support of Department of Agriculture is only limited to first stage of agriculture project, leaving the farmers in problems for the second stage. Hence in this study we have provided a solution to the issues confronted by the famers through the involvement of Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia. The aim is to involve Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia to provide support to the rural famers based on the profit and loss sharing scheme unlike the current mode of financing. Before proposing a contractual framework, a qualitative and narrative form of literature review method is used to explore the issues. It is suggested that al-Muzāra‘ah contract is more suitable to provide assistance to the rural famers with the supervision from Department of Agriculture. This study would help not only Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia but also other microfinance institutions in developing a partnership based contract that would be specifically designed for the poor rural farmers.

ABSTRAK
Kemiskinan luar bandar merupakan salah satu cabaran utama dalam ekonomi masa kini. Dalam konteks Malaysia, petani luar bandar sering menghadapi masalah dalam proses menuai hasil disebabkan masalah kekurangan dana. Bantuan dana yang diberikan oleh Jabatan Pertanian hanya diberi dalam proses awal projek pertanian dan petani sering menghadapi masalah dalam proses seterusnya. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menyediakan cadangan penyelesaian daripada isu kewangan ini khususnya melibatkan Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM). Cadangan Penglibatan AIM dalam memberi bantuan kewangan kepada para petani adalah berdasarkan prinsip perkongsian untung dan rugi. Sebelum mencadangkan rangka kerja kontrak, kajian literatur berbentuk kualitatif dan naratif digunakan untuk meneroka isu-isu. Kertas ini mencadangkan kontrak al-Muzāra‘ah sebagai kontrak utama dalam rangka kerja ini dengan penyeliaan dan kawalan dari Jabatan Pertanian. Kajian ini bukan hanya dapat memberi cadangan kepada AIM, namun kepada institusi kewangan mikro dalam membentuk kerjasama dengan petani luar bandar sekaligus menangani masalah kemiskinan.


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