Perkembangan dan Cabaran terhadap Pengawalseliaan Pembiayaan Institusi Pembiayaan Mikro di Malaysia Developments and Challenges to Institutional Funding Regulation Microfinance in Malaysia

Siti Amira Yaacob, Ruzian Markom

Abstract


Microfinance is a financial instrument aimed at eradicating poverty by providing opportunities to the poor and at -risk. Microfinance activities have begun to be implemented internationally, including in Germany, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, Bangladesh and Malaysia. Various financing models have been implemented by financial institutions and microfinance agencies. All models share the same objective of providing financing to the poor to start income -generating businesses. The regulation of all financing institutions is governed by different laws. This paper aims to study the challenge and development of financing in microfinance institutions in Malaysia. The findings of the study indicate the inconsistency of laws in regulating microfinance institutions. This study is a doctrinal study of pure law. Study data were obtained from statutes, books and related articles. Finally, this study recommends that improvements to the regulation of financial institutions to be implemented to strengthen the existing microfinance implementation framework.

 

Abstrak

Pembiayaan mikro merupakan instrumen kewangan bertujuan membasmi kemiskinan dengan memberi peluang kepada golongan miskin dan berisiko. Aktiviti pembiayaan mikro telah mula dilaksanakan di peringkat antarabangsa termasuk di German, Indonesia, Filipina, Thailand, Bangladesh dan Malaysia. Pelbagai model pembiayaan telah dilaksanakan oleh institusi kewangan dan agensi pembiayaan mikro. Kesemua model berkongsi objektif yang sama iaitu pemberian pembiayaan kewangan kepada golongan miskin bagi memulakan perniagaan yang menjana pendapatan. Pengawalseliaaan kesemua institusi pembiayaan adalah dikawal oleh undang-undang yang berbeza. Penulisan ini bertujuan mengkaji perkembangan dan cabaran terhadap pengawalseliaan pembiayaan di institusi pembiayaan mikro di Malaysia. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan ketidakseragaman undang-undang dalam mengawalselia institusi pembiayaan mikro. Kajian ini adalah kajian doktrinal undang-undang tulen. Data kajian diperolehi dari statut, buku dan artikel berkaitan. Akhirnya, kajian ini mencadangkan agar penambahbaikan terhadap pengawalseliaan institusi pembiayaan dilaksanakan bagi memantapkan kerangka pelaksanaan pembiayaan mikro sedia ada.

Kata kunci: Pembiayaan mikro; perundangan, institusi kewangan; agensi pembiayaan mikro; membasmi kemiskinan


Keywords


microfinance; legal ; financial institution; microfinance agency; poverty eradication

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