SIMPTOM KEMURUNGAN REMAJA KESAN PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL (Symptoms of Teenage Depression as Effects of Social Media)
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Sebahagian remaja terlalu obses dengan media sosial sehingga mereka boleh menghabiskan masa seharian melayari media sosial. Mereka menjadikan gajet dan media sosial sebagai sumber rujukan. Kandungan yang terdapat dalam media sosial bukan sekadar positif malah terdapat juga kandungan unsur negatif. Ini merupakan cabaran bagi remaja untuk mengurus emosi dan konflik dalam diri akibat penggunaan media sosial. Kajian terkini mendapati penggunaan media sosial yang berlebihan boleh menyebabkan ketagihan dan memberi kesan dari sudut psikologi dan tingkah laku remaja. Bagi remaja yang tidak dapat mengurus emosi dengan baik cenderung mengalami kemurungan akibat daripada penggunaan media sosial secara keterlaluan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti simptom kemurungan yang dialami remaja sekolah agama akibat penggunaan media sosial. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif iaitu temu bual berstruktur terhadap 8 orang remaja. Hasil kajian mendapati penggunaan media sosial boleh menyebabkan remaja mengalami simptom kemurungan seperti mengalami keresahan atau kerencatan psikomotor, gangguan emosi mood, kehilangan minat atau kehilangan keseronokan dalam hampir semua aktiviti, keletihan dan hilang kebolehan untuk memberi tumpuan. Hasil kajian juga menunjukkan salah satu faktor responden mengalami simptom kemurungan ialah mereka membandingkan diri dengan individu lain di media sosial. Oleh itu, proses intervensi melalui pendekatan psikologi Islam perlu dikenalpasti dalam mengawal tingkah laku remaja dalam penggunaan media sosial yang keterlaluan. Jika tidak ditangani akan memberi impak kepada pembangunan insan serta menjejaskan proses pembentukan masyarakat yang berteraskan peradaban Islam.
ABSTRACT
A growing number of teenagers are obsessed with social media that they can spend a whole day on social media platforms. Their gadgets and social media platforms become their source of reference. Contents on social media are not just positive, but there are also negative ones. This has become a challenge for teenagers to manage their emotions and conflicts within them as a result of social media use. Recent studies have found that excessive use of social media can cause addiction and give psychological effects in their behaviours. Teenagers who are unable to manage their emotions tend to experience depression as a result of excessive social media use. Therefore, a study on social media use on teenagers’ psychology needs to be done. This study aims to identify the symptoms for depression in teenage students of religious schools as a result of social media use. This study employs qualitative method which is structured interviews with 8 teenagers. This study discovers that social media can cause teenage users to experience symptoms for depression such as despair, psychomotor retardation, mood disruptions, loss of interest or joy in doing most activities, fatigue and inability to focus. Studies also show that one of the factors of respondents’ experience with depression is that they compare themselves with other individuals on social media. Therefore, intervention through Islamic psychological approach needs to be identified in controlling teenage behaviours in excessive social media use. This issue needs to be addressed, if not it will give a huge negative impact to the human development based on Islamic civilization.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abdul Rashid Abdul Aziz, Mohd Faizal Kasmani & Nor Hamizah Ab Razak. 2021. Implikasi ketagihan media sosial terhadap kesihatan mental remaja semasa pandemik COVID-19. Journal of social science & Humanities 18 (8): 66-81.
American Psychiatric Association (APA). 2013. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mentaldisorders. 5th edition. Washington: DC. Averett.
Barthorpe, A., Winstone, L., Mars, B. & Moran, P. 2020. Is social media screen time really associated with poor adolescent mental health? A time use diary study. Journal of affective disorders 274: 864-870.
Burke, M. & Kraut, R. E. 2016. The relationship between Facebook use and well-being depends on communication type and tie strength. Journal of computer-mediated communication 21 (4):265-281.
Chen, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, L., Luo, F., Xu, W., Yang, L. & Zhang, W. 2021 Childhood emotional neglect and problematic mobile phone use among Chinese adolescents: A longitudinal moderated mediation model involving school engagement and sensation seeking. Journal Child Abus. Negl 115:104991.
Chew Chin Yee. & Shahlan Surat. 2021. Pengaruh media sosial influencer terhadap estim kendiri pelajar remaja. International Journal of Advanced Research in Islamic Studies and Education (ARISE) 2 (1): 1-18.
Dasar Kesihatan Mental Negara. Layout Buku: Layout 1 5/14/12.https://www.moh.gov.my/moh/resources/Penerbitan/Rujukan/NCD/Kesihatan%20Mental/8_Dasar_Kesihatan_ Mental_ Negara.pdf [13 March 2022].
Dursun Karaman & Ibrahim Durukan. 2013. Suicide in children and adolescents. Current Approaches in Psychiatry 5 (1): 30-47.
Elizabeth C. Quon. Alena Talbot Ellis & Aimee Coulombe. 2018. Sleep-Related Issues in Children and Adolescents Presenting at Community Mental Health Clinics. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 27 (3): 175-181.
Fazlinda Halim & Mohammad Siraj Munir Muslaini. 2018. Impakmedia sosial terhadap tingkah laku sosial pelajar di Kolej Vokasional. Online Journal fot TVET 3 (1): 2018.
Fariza Md Sham. 2017. Remaja dan isu perpaduan. ICIP, https://www.ukm.my/kita/wp-content/uploads/1.Manuskrip-ICIP.Dr-Fariza.pdf [1 Disember 2022].
Farah Madkhan. 2022. Social media addiction and depression in high school teenagers: The role of family and peer attachment. Tesis Master. National Institute of Development Administration NIDA.
Gao, Y. X., Wang, J. Y. & Dong, G. H. 2022. The prevalence and possible risk factors of internet gaming disorder among adolescents and young adults: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Journal of psychiatric research 154: 35-43.
Heather Cleland Woods & Holly Scott. 2016. Sleepyteens: Social media use in adolescence is associated with poor sleep quality, anxiety, depression and low self-esteem. Journal of Adolescence. 51: 41-49.
Hilwa Abdullah & Nor Asyirah Hamidi. 2019. Sokongan sosial dan penghargaan kendiri sebagai petunjuk kemurungan dalam kalangan mahasiswa Insitusi Pengajian Tinggi (IPT). Journal of Sultan Alaudin Sulaiman Shah Journal 6 (2): 58-70.
Hootsuit and We Are Social. Laporan Digital. 2018. Penggunaan Internet Penduduk Malaysia.
Jamiah Manap, Mohd Rezal Hamzah, Aizan Sofia Amin, Nurul Nabila Mohd Izani, Fazilah Idris, Salasiah Hanin Hamjah, Noordeyana Tambi, Arena Che Kasim, Norul Huda Sarnon, Salina Nen & Nor Jana Saim. 2016. Penggunaan dan implikasi media sosial terhadap remaja generasi Z. International Conference on Social and Economic Development (Icsed). Universiti Malaysia Terengganu. 1-3 November.
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. 2021. Penggunaan dan capaian ICT oleh Individu dan isi rumah 2020 [12 April 2021].
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. 2022 Penggunaan dan Capaian ICT oleh individu dan isi rumah 2021 [28 April 2022].
Kaitlyn Burnell, Tara L & Kuther. 2016. Predictors of mobile phone and social networking site dependency in adulthood. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking 9(10): 621-627.
Li, Y., Sun, Q., Sun, M., Sun, P., Sun, Q. & Xia, X. 2021. Physical Exercise and Psychological Distress: The Mediating Roles of Problematic Mobile Phone Use and Learning Burnout Among Adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18 (17): 9261.
Marengo, D., Fabris, M. A., Longobardi, C. & Settanni, M. 2022. Smartphone and Social Media use Contributed to Individual Tendencies Towards Social Media Addiction in Italian Adolescents During the COVID-19 pandemic. Addictive behaviors 126:107204.
Mohd Haikal Anuar Adnan, Fatimah Yusooff & Mohamad Irwan Ahmad. 2014. Gaya Keibubapaandan Hubungannya dengan Kemurungan dalam Kalangan Remaja. Kertas Kerja Persidangan Seminar Psikologi Malaysia. Anjuran Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), 26-28 Mei.
National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS). 2019. https://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/NHMS2019/Report_NHMS2019-NCD_v2.pdfInstitute for Public Health (IPH) [21Februari 2022].
National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS). 2017. Key Findings from the Adolescent Health and Nutrition Surveys Infographic Booklet April 2018. http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/ Document/REPORT/NHMS2017/ [12 April 2021].
Nor Fazilah Noor Din & Hishamudin Isam. 2019. Tema perbualan remaja Malaysia dalam facebook. Jurnal Pengajian Melayu 30 (1): 137-166.
Norbaidurah Ithnain, Shazli Ezzat Ghazali & Norrafizah Jaafar. 2018. Relationship between smartphone addiction with anxiety and depression among undergraduate students in Malaysia. International Journal of Health Sciences & Research 8 (1): 163-171.
Nurul Solehah Che Rumli & Zakiyah Jamaluddin. 2019. Kesan Penggunaan Media Sosial Terhadap Tingkah Laku Pelajar. kertas kerja Seminar Teknologi Multimedia & Komunikasi 2019. Anjuran Pusat Pengajian Teknologi Multimedia & Komunikasi, Universiti Utara Malaysia. Kedah, 23 & 24 Julai.
Panger, G. T. 2017. Emotion in social media. UC Berkeley. Tesis PhD. Information Management and Systems. University of California, Berkeley.
Quon, E.C., Ellis, A.T. & Coulombe, A. 2018. Sleep-related issues in children and adolescents presenting at community mental health clinics. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 27(3): 175-181.
Rice, F., Riglin, L., Lomax, T., Souter, E., Potter, R., Smith, D. J. & Thapar, A. 2019. Adolescent and adult differences in major depression symptom profiles. Journal of affective disorders 243:175-181.
Rifqi Agianto, Anggi Setiawati & Ricky Firmansyah. 2020. Pengaruh media sosial Instagram terhadap gaya hidup dan etika remaja. Jurnal Teknologi Informasi Dan Komunikasi 2 (2020): 130-139.
Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia atau SKMM. 2019. Jumlah Pengguna Media Sosial Fb/IG [21 Februari 2022].
Shahrul Nazmi Sannusi, Fauziah Ibrahim, Azianura Hani Shaari & Nasrudin Subhi. 2019. Penggunaan media sosial dalam kalangan remaja B40 di sekitar Lembah Klang. Malaysian Journal of Communication Jilid 35(4): 101-118.
Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia (MCMC). Internet users survey.2017. Malaysia. [21 Februari 2022].
Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia (SKMM). Internet Users Servey. 2020 https://www.mcmc.gov.my/skmmgovmy/media/General/pdf/IUS-2020- [21 Februari 22].
Tan, Y. 2022. Public Understanding of adolescents’ risks on Facebook in Taiwan. Journals Adolescents 2(2): 296-310.
United Nation Foundation 2021. 2021. https://www.unicef.org/reports/ state-worldschildren-[21 Februari 2022].
Vuorre, M., Orben, A. & Przybylski, A. K. 2021. There is no evidence that associations between adolescents’ digital technology engagement and mental health problems have increased. Sage Journal Clinical Psychological Science 9(5): 823-835.
Werling, A. M., Walitza, S., Grünblatt, E. & Drechsler, R. 2021. Media use before, during and after COVID-19 lockdown according to parents in a clinically referred sample in child and adolescent psychiatry: Results of an online survey in Switzerland. Comprehensive Psychiatry Journal 109:152260.
Zhang, C.H., Li, G., Fan, Z.Y., Tang, X.J. & Zhang, F. 2021. Mobile phone addiction mediates the relationship between alexithymia and learning burnout in chinese medical students: A structural
equation model analysis. Psychology Research and Behavior Management 14:455-465.
Zeng, Y., Wang, Y. & Li, S. 2022. The relationship between teachers’ information technology integration self-efficacy and TPACK: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology 13: 10910.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JH-2023-1502-10
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
ISSN: 1985-6830
eISSN: 2550-2271
JURNAL HADHARI: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
Institut Islam Hadhari
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
43600 UKM Bangi
Selangor, MALAYSIA.
Phone: +603-8921 7187/7176/6994
Fax: +603-8921 6990
Email: jhadhari@ukm.edu.my
Web: ejournals.ukm.my/jhadhari