ANALISIS PEMBENTUKAN HUKUM ISLAM DARI PERSPEKTIF BARAT(An Analysis of Islamic Law Development from a Western Perspective)

Ariyanti Mustapha, Abdul Karim Ali, Zuraidah Kamaruddin, Mohd. Arif Nazri

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Perkembangan hukum Islam yang merangkumi kurun ketiga sehingga kurun kelima hijrah telah menghasilkan pelbagai persepsi positif dan prejudis dalam kalangan sarjana Barat. Kemuncak perkembangan hukum Islam pada kurun ketiga hijrah telah dianggap sebagai Zaman Keemasan yang telah berjaya melahirkan pelbagai metodologi usul-fiqh sebagai indikator kematangan intelek para sarjana Islam. Kewujudan metodologi usul fiqh yang komprehensif telah dirumuskan oleh Barat sebagai evolusi daripada perundangan Rom dan Yahudi. Artikel ini dihasilkan untuk menganalisis hasil penulisan Barat seperti Wael Hallaq, Joseph Schacht, Ignaz Goldziher dan beberapa penulisan orientalis kontemporari dalam sejarah pembentukan hukum Islam dengan menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dan komperatif. Hasil kajian ini mendapati interpretasi metodologi hukum Islam dalam penulisan Schacht dan Goldziher adalah tidak tepat. Manakala penulisan orientalis barat kontemporari lebih bersikap telus terhadap perkembangan hukum Islam. Kajian ini mendapati hukum Islam yang disifatkan oleh barat yang berasaskan kepada Foreign Affairs adalah tidak tepat dan bersifat Ravionis terhadap pembentukan hukum Islam.

ABSTRACT

The development of Islamic law during the third until the fifth century of Hijra has contributed to both positive and prejudicial thoughts amongst Westerners. The zenith of Islamic law in the third century of Hijra was known as The Golden Age with the established principles of usul fiqh, and indicated the maturity of Muslim Jurists. The comprehensiveness of usul fiqh methodology was concluded by westerners as an evolution and imitated from Roman and Jewish dogma. This article is to analyze the writing of Wael Hallaq, Joseph Schacht, Ignaz Goldziher and some contemporary orientalists on the history of the development of Islamic law with the qualitative and comparative methodologies. This article verified the interpretation of usul fiqh’s methodology by Schacht and Goldziher, were not accurate. In opposition to that, the contemporary orientalist writings on Islamic law were fair and transparent. This article verified that the Western allegation on Islamic law derived from Foreign Elements is invalid, and it shows their Ravionist attitude towards Islamic law.


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JH-2023-1501-01

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