MEDIA AND EXTREMISM FROM THE ANTI-EXTREMISM ACTIVIST PERSPECTIVE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA (Media dan Ekstremisme dari Perspektif Aktivis Anti-Ekstremisme di Asia Tenggara)

Ahmad Munawar Ismail

Abstract


ABSTRAK

It is an undeniable fact that the dangers of this extremism threat had created
propaganda that led to a misunderstanding about Islam. This misconception affects religious harmony in society, and even some of them are trapped in interpreting the issue. The action is hostile and tarnishes the image of Islam. At the same time, the fact of the involvement of some Muslims in this issue is still uncertain and mostly driven by misunderstandings of Islamic teachings. This article discusses the views of anti-extremism activists in Southeast Asia on the role of the media in issues related to religious extremism. The debate is part of the findings of a study on the collective approach to addressing the ideology of extremism in Malaysia. The results of a semi-structured interview with a total of 10 experts were referred for the discussion. The experts were from various agencies including academics, counsellors of the Malaysian Prison Department, the Head of State Islamic Religious Council Research Division, Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM), officers from the Malaysian Armed Forces (ATM) and research fellows of extremism from other countries in Southeast Asia such as Chairman of al-Salam Institute in Thailand, Chairman of Religious Rehabilitation Group (RRG) in Singapore, research fellow of Counter Terrorism Division, S. Rajaratnam from the School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University (NTU) of Singapore and others. The findings showed that all the interviewed participants agreed that extremism is outrageous acts disclosed by the followers in all aspects including religion, politics and ideology. Besides that, the media agreed that they play a significant role in portraying the news reporting of extremism with the religion. They also agreed that the movement of extremist activities differs from one country to another. Thus, the approach to dealing with it should also be different but need to go through a process of consultation.

ABSTRAK

Fakta yang tidak dapat dinafikan bahawa bahaya ancaman ekstremisme ini telah
mencipta propaganda yang membawa kepada salah faham tentang Islam. Salah faham ini menjejaskan keharmonian agama dalam masyarakat, malah ada di antara mereka yang terperangkap dalam mentafsirkan isu ini. Tingkahlaku tersebut merosakkan dan mencemarkan imej Islam. Pada masa yang sama, hakikat keterlibatan sesetengah umat Islam dalam isu ini masih tidak pasti dan kebanyakannya didorong oleh salah faham terhadap ajaran Islam. Artikel ini membincangkan pandangan aktivis anti-ekstremisme di Asia Tenggara terutama mengenai peranan media dalam isu-isu yang berkaitan dengan ekstremisme agama. Perbahasan ini adalah sebahagian daripada dapatan kajian mengenai pendekatan kolektif menangani ideologi ekstremisme di Malaysia. Sejumlah 10 pakar telah ditemubual dan dirujuk dalam kajian ini. Pakar-pakar tersebut terdiri daripada pelbagai agensi termasuk ahli akademik, kaunselor Jabatan Penjara Malaysia, Ketua Bahagian Penyelidikan Majlis Agama Islam Negeri, Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM), pegawai-pegawai dari Angkatan Tentera Malaysia (ATM) dan Felo Penyelidik dari negara-negara lain di Asia Tenggara seperti Pengerusi Institut al-Salam di Thailand, Pengerusi Kumpulan Pemulihan Agama (RRG) di Singapura, Felo Penyelidik Bahagian Counter Terrorism, S. Rajaratnam dari Pusat Pengajian Antarabangsa, Universiti Teknologi Nanyang (NTU) Singapura dan lain-lain. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa semua peserta yang ditemubual bersetuju bahawa ekstremisme adalah tindakan keterlaluan yang terdapat pada pengikut dalam semua aspek termasuk agama, politik dan ideologi. Selain itu, semua peserta juga bersetuju bahawa media memainkan peranan penting dalam menggambarkan pelaporan berita ekstremisme agama. Mereka juga bersetuju bahawa pergerakan ekstremis ini berbeza antara satu negara dengan negara yang lain. Oleh sebab itu, pendekatan untuk menanganinya juga harus berbeza tetapi perlu melalui proses perundingan.


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JH-2022-1402-05

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