ANALISIS ISU AIR DI ISRAEL DAN PALESTIN BERDASARKAN POLITIK DAN UNDANG-UNDANG ANTARABANGSA (Analysis of Water Issues and Palestine According to the International Law)

Abstract

ABSTRAK
Kebanyakan negara di Timur Tengah mengalami kekurangan air berterusan. Keadaan ini dirasai di Israel, Jordan dan Palestin. Hal ini semakin buruk akibat penurunan rizab air kerana pencemaran dan perubahan iklim, serta pertumbuhan penduduk dan peningkatan permintaan air. Kerjasama berdasarkan pengurusan mampan, penggunaan teknologi canggih untuk kegunaan air yang cekap, dan pembangunan sumber air baru boleh membantu menyelesaikan masalah kekurangan air di rantau ini secara keseluruhannya. Penyelesaian masalah kekurangan air dengan mengorbankan pihak yang berkongsi sumber air yang sama tidak boleh diterima dan hanya akan meningkatkan ketegangan dan kesukaran. Tujuan dokumen ini adalah untuk menganalisis isu air antara Israel dan Palestin, serta menyatakan prinsip kedua-dua pihak untuk menangani masalah kekurangan bekalan air. Sektor air Israel dan Palestin juga turut dipersembahkan bersama-sama dengan analisis menurut undang-undang antarabangsa.

ABSTRACT
Most countries in the Middle East suffer from an ongoing shortage of water. The situation is felt most acutely in Israel, Jordan and the Palestinian Authority, and is worsening due to the decrease in useable water reserves as a result of pollution and climatic changes, as well as population growth and the rising demand for water. Cooperation based on sustainable management, the application of advanced technologies for efficient water use and the development of new water sources could help solve the problem of water shortages in the region as a whole. Solving the problem of water scarcity in one country at the expense of another that shares a common water source is unacceptable and will only intensify tensions and difficulties. The purpose of this document is to analyses the issue of water between Israel and the Palestinians by presenting the existing water and modes for implementing them, as well as stating the principles of both sides for coping with the shortage of water, currently and in the future. The water sectors of Israel and Palestine are also presented along with an analysis according to international law.