PENDEKATAN ISLAM DALAM MENANGANI PERCANGGAHAN MANFAAT DAN RISIKO BIOTEKNOLOGI MODEN TUMBUHAN (Islamic Approach In Addressing Conflicts Of Benefits And Risks Of Modern Plant Biotechnology)

Latifah Amin, Mohamad Sabri Haron, Siti Fairuz Sujak, Mohd Nasran Mohamad, Abdul Latif Samian, Mohd Yusof Hj. Othman

Abstract


Pembangunan bioteknologi moden tumbuhan menerusi teknik kejuruteraan genetik merupakan salah satu kaedah bagi menambah baik mutu tumbuhan dari  segi  kualiti  dan  kuantiti. Namun, perdebatan tentang  manfaat  dan risikonya  menimbulkan persoalan, adakah agama Islam  membenarkan aplikasi bioteknologi moden ini dilakukan. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mencari  jalan  penyelesaian  terhadap  percanggahan  manfaat  dan  mudarat yang diperdebatkan dalam bioteknologi moden tumbuhan menurut pendekatan Islam. Segala percanggahan dalam manfaat dan risiko bioteknologi moden tumbuhan boleh ditangani menerusi kaedah pentarjihan. Kaedah pentarjihan ini merumuskan bahawa jika sesuatu produk bioteknologi moden tumbuhan itu  memberi  manfaat  yang  besar  kepada  manusia  sejagat  tanpa  sebarang risiko kepada lima objektif utama syariah, maka penggunaan produk tersebut adalah  dibenarkan.  Sebalik nya,  jika sesuatu  produk  biotek nologi  moden tumbuhan terbukti mendatangkan mudarat kepada lima objektif syariah tadi, maka penggunaan produk tersebut adalah dilarang. Jika produk tersebut bermanfaat  tetapi  menimbulkan  risiko  yang  tidak  pasti,  maka  kebenaran untuk menggunakan produk tersebut mestilah ditangguhkan terlebih dahulu sehingga manfaat atau risiko yang dominan dan pasti dapat dibuktikan. Kertas ini membuktikan bahawa Islam telah menyediakan panduan yang sesuai dan lengkap tentang tatacara membuat keputusan berkaitan isu-isu kontemporari


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JH-2011-0302-01

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