PERCANGGAHAN QANUN ACEH NOMBOR 7 TAHUN 2013 TENTANG HUKUM ACARA JENAYAH DAN PERATURAN GUBERNUR TAHUN 2018 NOMBOR 5 TENTANG PELAKSANAAN HUKUMAN ACARA JENAYAH (The Conflict Between Aceh Qanun Number 7 of 2013 on Jenayah Procedural Law and Governor Regulation Number 5 of 2018 on the Implementation of Jenayah Procedural Punishments)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Makalah ini menganalisis percanggahan antara Qanun Aceh Nombor 7 Tahun 2013 tentang Hukum Acara Jenayah dan Peraturan Gubernur Aceh Nombor 5 Tahun 2018 yang berkaitan dengan penentuan lokasi serta tatacara pelaksanaan uqubat sebatan. Qanun Aceh memperuntukkan bahawa hukuman sebatan hendaklah dilaksanakan di tempat terbuka dan dapat disaksikan oleh masyarakat awam, selaras dengan prinsip keterbukaan peradilan serta fungsi pendidikan dan pencegahan sosial dalam kerangka perundangan Islam. Sebaliknya, Peraturan Gubernur Aceh Nombor 5 Tahun 2018 mengehadkan pelaksanaan hukuman tersebut kepada kawasan institusi pemasyarakatan, sekali gus menimbulkan ketegangan normatif dari sudut hierarki perundangan, keadilan prosedural dan legitimasi sosial. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan doktrinal dan komparatif melalui analisis teks perundangan, sorotan literatur akademik serta laporan institusi berkaitan bagi menilai keselarasan antara  norma substantif dan peraturan pelaksana. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa Peraturan Gubernur Aceh berpotensi melangkaui bidang kuasa yang diperuntukkan serta mengubah ratio legis Qanun Aceh, khususnya berkaitan prinsip keterbukaan pelaksanaan hukuman. Ketidakselarasan ini bukan sahaja mewujudkan ketidakpastian undang-undang, malah berisiko menjejaskan kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap institusi peradilan syariah. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini mencadangkan keperluan harmonisasi perundangan sama ada melalui pindaan peraturan sedia ada atau mekanisme semakan kehakiman bagi memastikan konsistensi norma, kepastian undang-undang dan penerimaan masyarakat terhadap pelaksanaan syariat Islam di Aceh.

ABSTRACT

This article examines the conflict between Aceh Qanun Number 7 of 2013 on Jenayah Procedural Law and Aceh Governor Regulation Number 5 of 2018 concerning the location and procedural aspects of the implementation of caning punishment (uqubat whipping). The Aceh Qanun stipulates that caning punishment shall be carried out in an open space and be observable by the public, reflecting the principles of judicial openness as well as the educational and preventive functions of Islamic criminal law. In contrast, the Governor Regulation restricts the implementation of the punishment to correctional institutions, thereby generating normative tension in terms of legal hierarchy, procedural justice, and social legitimacy. This study adopts a doctrinal and comparative approach by analysing statutory texts, relevant academic literature, and institutional reports to assess the coherence between substantive norms and implementing regulations. The findings indicate that the Governor Regulation
potentially exceeds its delegated authority and alters the ratio legis of the Aceh Qanun, particularly with regard to the principle of openness in the execution of punishment. Such normative inconsistency not only creates legal uncertainty but also risks undermining public trust in the legitimacy of the Shariah judicial system. Accordingly, this article argues for the necessity of legal harmonisation, either through regulatory amendment or judicial review mechanisms, to ensure normative consistency, legal certainty, and sustained public acceptance of the implementation of Islamic law in Aceh.