Challenges of Urban Space for Sustainable Solid Waste Management in the Langat Basin, Malaysia (Cabaran Ruang Perbandaran terhadap Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal Lestari di Lembangan Langat, Malaysia)
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Urbanization process in the Langat Basin, Malaysia, grow rapidly for the past three decades. The land use change urban areas of the basin increased from 2.3% in 1974 to 32% in 2010. While the population experiencing rapid growth from 665,395 in 1991 and increase to 1,492,422 in 2015. The vibrancy of economic activities with increasing of population, leads to increasing generation of solid waste in the basin. Solid waste generation increased from 332.7 ton/day in 1991 and increased to 1,641 ton/day in 2015. The current practice of waste management in the Langat Basin still focus on disposals to landfill. Previously there are nine landfill supporting the needs of the basin, however there are only three landfill left. The landfills closed were due to pressure from the development of residential, commercial and industrial areas. The demand for new landfill will compete for space with other economic activities and security of ecosystem services. Land are so precious, thus priorities will not be given for landfill in the Langat Basin. Hence there is a need for change of waste management. Priority should be given to resource recovery with waste recycling, waste reduction and waste reuse as the main approach, with support of other strategic plan such as designing product and system as well as using incinerator to ensure reduction of solid waste flow to landfill. These approaches and strategies will able to reduce dependency of space for new landfill in the Langat Basin in the future.
Keywords: Space; urban; waste; demand; landfill
ABSTRAK: Proses perbandaran di Lembangan Langat, Malaysia, berkembang pesat sejak tiga dekad yang lalu. Perubahan penggunaan tanah kawasan bandar di Lembangan Langat meningkat daripada 2.3% pada tahun 1974 kepada 32% pada tahun 2010. Sementara itu pertumbuhan penduduk juga mengalami perkembangan yang pesat daripada 665.395 pada tahun 1991 dan meningkat kepada 1.492.422 pada tahun 2015. Kerancakan aktiviti ekonomi dengan peningkatan penduduk, membawa kepada meningkatkan penjanaan sisa pepejal di Lembangan Langat. Penjanaan sisa pepejal meningkat daripada 332,7 tan/hari pada tahun 1991 dan meningkat kepada 1,641 tan/hari pada tahun 2015. Amalan semasa pengurusan sisa di Lembangan Langat masih memberi tumpuan kepada pelupusan ke tapak pelupusan. Sebelum ini terdapat sembilan tapak pelupusan menyokong keperluan lembangan, namun hanya terdapat tiga tapak pelupusan kini. Tapak pelupusan ditutup adalah disebabkan oleh tekanan daripada pembangunan kawasan kediaman, perdagangan dan perindustrian. Permintaan untuk tapak pelupusan baru akan bersaing dengan aktiviti-aktiviti ekonomi yang lain dan keselamatan perkhidmatan ekosistem. Tanah yang begitu berharga, dengan itu keutamaan tidak akan diberikan untuk tapak pelupusan di Lembangan Langat. Oleh itu terdapat keperluan untuk perubahan pengurusan sisa pepejal. Keutamaan perlu diberikan kepada sumber pemulihan dengan kitar semula sisa pepejal, pengurangan sisa pepejal dan sisa pepejal digunakan semula sebagai pendekatan utama, dengan sokongan daripada pelan strategik yang lain seperti merekabentuk produk dan sistem serta penggunaan insinerator untuk memastikan pengurangan aliran sisa pepejal ke tapak pelupusan tidak berlebihan. Pendekatan dan strategi ini akan dapat mengurangkan kebergantungan ruang untuk tapak pelupusan baru di Lembangan Langat pada masa hadapan.
Kata kunci: Ruang; bandar; sisa; permintaan; tapak pelupusan.
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