Flash Flood Impact in Kuala Lumpur – Approach Review and Way Forward (Impak Banjir Kilat di Kuala Lumpur – Ulasan Pendekatan dan Langkah Kehadapan)
Abstract
ABSTRACT: The understanding of the impact of flash floods is carried out by identifying the main causes of flooding. Measures have been undertaken to reduce the impact of flooding however, several recommendations are identified to address the problem more effectively. This paper is based on the analysis of the factors that has contributed to the occurrence of flash floods in urban areas particularly Malaysia’s capital, Kuala Lumpur. Rapid development occurs here, leads to the compromise of green and forested areas that serve as the absorption of water run-off, causing drainage associated problem, moreover, when not managed effectively and obsolete drainage design that requires costly maintenance. Steps taken to reduce this problem are mainly structured approach which involves the construction of smart tunnel to diverted large quantities of water from the road surface to existing natural pond, widening and deepening of the drainage system, building reservoirs and dams for storm water at the upstream area. Meanwhile, the non-structured approached currently involves cleaning of the main waterway of Sungai Klang and Sungai Gombak of debris. Recommendation for future works is more active non structured approach that have been prove to be cost effective with greater impact to the livelihood of the people.
Keywords: Rapid urban development; flash flood; human migration; natural factor; non-structure
ABSTRAK: Pemahaman mengenai impak banjir kilat di kawasan Kuala Lumpur dilakukan dengan mengenal pasti punca utama banjir, mengenal pasti langkah-langkah yang telah dilakukan untuk mengurangkan impak tersebut dan memberikan cadangan menangani banjir tersebut dengan lebih berkesan. Berdasarkan analisis antara faktor yang telah menyumbang kepada kejadian banjir kilat di kawasan bandar membangun seperti Kuala Lumpur adalah lokasi pembangunan pesat yang menyebabkan kompromi terhadap kawasan hijau dan hutan yang berperanan sebagai penyerapan air larian, saliran yang tidak diurus dengan berkesan dan reka bentuk yang saliran yang lama dan memerlukan penyelenggaraan. Antara langkah yang telah diambil untuk mengurangkan masalah ini adalah daripada aspek struktur melibatkan pembinaan smart tunnel dengan menyalurkan jumlah air yang banyak di permukaan jalan dan kekurangan upaya saliran semasa menampung jumlah air, mendalamkan sistem perparitan khususnya yang berada di dalam bandar dan menyediakan takungan atau empangan banjir kilat di bahagian hulu sungai. Pendekatan bukan berstruktur pada masa ini lebih kepada pembersihan sungai utama iaitu sungai Kelang dan Gombak daripada sampah sarap. Cadangan pada masa akan datang lebih kepada pendekatan bukan berstruktur yang menggunakan kos yang lebih rendah dan mempunyai kesan yang lebih besar.
Kata kunci: Pembangunan pesat; banjir kilat; manusia; faktor semula jadi; tanpa struktur
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