Demographic factors of social vulnerability in slope failure: Case studies of Langat Basin, Malaysia

Nurakmar Hakim Jasni, Nuriah Abd Majid

Abstract


Slope failures pose a significant threat to communities within the Langat Basin, Malaysia, where rapid urbanization and environmental degradation have heightened the risk of disaster. This study investigates how demographic factors, specifically age, income levels and resource accessibility, influence social vulnerability to slope failures. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), demographic indicators were integrated with historical landslide records and one one-kilometre buffer analysis was conducted to assess the exposure of important facilities to hazards and critical services. The results reveal that elderly populations, low-income households and communities with limited access to healthcare and educational facilities are disproportionately concentrated in high-risk zones, particularly in Hulu Langat and Seremban. These findings underscore the need for targeted disaster risk reduction strategies, including improved infrastructure, enhanced education and awareness programs and community-based resilience initiatives. By emphasizing the role of demographic vulnerability and spatial risk assessment, this study offers valuable insights for building adaptive capacity and promoting safer, more resilient communities in slope failure-prone regions.

 

Keywords: Demographic factors, disaster management, GIS, slope failure, social vulnerability


Keywords


Demographic factors, disaster management, GIS, slope failure, social vulnerability

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