Teknik Pelajar Bukan Muslim Belajar Bertutur Bahasa Arab secara dalam Talian (The Techniques of Non-Muslim Students’ in Learning Arabic Speaking Skills Online)
Abstract
Pembelajaran bahasa Arab di Malaysia yang dahulunya hanya melibatkan pelajar beragama Islam, kini mempunyai tahap penglibatan yang ketara dalam kalangan masyarakat tempatan yang bukan Muslim. Mempelajari bahasa Arab bagi pelajar bukan Muslim bukanlah sesuatu yang mudah sekalipun pada tahap permulaan. Keadaan menjadi lebih mencabar sepanjang tempoh pandemik COVID-19 dengan peralihan aktiviti pengajaran dan pembelajaran secara bersemuka kepada mod dalam talian. Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti teknik pembelajaran yang digunakan pelajar bukan Muslim untuk mempelajari kemahiran bertutur bahasa Arab secara dalam talian. Kajian kualitatif ini melibatkan temu bual ke atas enam orang pelajar bukan Muslim pada peringkat Ijazah Sarjana Muda di Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) yang mengikuti kursus bahasa Arab tahap 2. Hasil kajian mendapati pelajar bukan Muslim dapat mengikut rentak dan proses pembelajaran kemahiran bertutur secara dalam talian walaupun pada awalnya mereka terpaksa berhadapan dengan kesukaran kerana tidak mempunyai asas bahasa Arab. Kejayaan tersebut ditunjangi oleh penguasaan kemahiran membaca teks Arab dan kemahiran menulis huruf Arab. Berbekalkan dua kemahiran tersebut pelajar telah menunjukkan 22 teknik pembelajaran yang boleh dibahagikan kepada tiga kategori berdasarkan tujuan penggunaannya, iaitu teknik terjemahan teks bahasa Melayu - Arab, teknik membaca teks Arab tidak berbaris dan teknik memperbaik pertuturan bahasa Arab. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar usaha lebih giat dilakukan pada kajian akan datang berhubung penerokaan potensi Komunikasi Lisan Berasaskan Multimedia Tidak Segerak (AMOC) dalam membantu pelajar tahap pemula belajar bertutur bahasa Arab.
Kata kunci: Teknik belajar; bahasa Arab; pelajar bukan Muslim; kemahiran bertutur; pengajaran dan pembelajaran dalam talian
ABSTRACT
The learning of Arabic in Malaysia, which was once exclusive for Muslim students, is now gaining popularity among local non-Muslims. Learning Arabic, even at the beginner’s level, is not easy for non-Muslim students. The situation is even more challenging during the COVID-19 pandemic which witnessed a total shift to the online teaching and learning mode. The aim of this study is to identify the learning techniques employed by non-Muslim students to learn Arabic speaking skills online. This qualitative study interviewed six non-Muslim undergraduate students from Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) who were taking a level 2 Arabic course. The results of shows that non-Muslim students were able to follow the process of learning speaking skills online, even though they had some difficulties at the beginning due to the lack of basics in Arabic. Their ability to follow the learning process were mainly the result of mastering the basic skills of reading Arabic texts and writing Arabic letters. Equipped with these two skills, the students demonstrated 22 learning techniques which can be divided into three categories according to their intended use, namely Malay-Arabic translation, reading Arabic texts without diacritical marks, and Arabic speech improvement. This study also suggests that fiurther research should be carried out to explore the potential of Asynchronous Multimedia-based Oral Communication (AMOC) in Arabic language learning for beginners.
Keywords: Learning techniques; Arabic language; non-Muslim students; speaking skills; online teaching and learning
Keywords
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/gema-2022-2204-19
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