PENDEKATAN DAKWAH DI HOSPITAL DALAM MEMBIMBING KEROHANIAN PESAKIT (The Approach of Da’wah at Hospital in Guiding Patient's Spiritual)

Muhamad Faisal Ashaari, Mohd Zainudin Abu Bakar, Siti Jamiaah Abdul Jalil

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Pesakit di hospital bukan sekadar memerlukan rawatan klinikal tetapi mereka juga memerlukan bimbingan kerohanian untuk membantu mendapatkan emosi yang kuat dan tabah dalam menghadapi ujian sakit. Namun, aspek kerohanian sering dipandang sepi sedangkan kesakitan fizikal mempunyai kaitan yang rapat dengan aspek kerohanian. Rawatan yang melibatkan kedua-dua aspek ini perlu digabungkan secara bijak untuk menghasilkan rawatan yang holistik kepada pesakit. Pendakwah berperanan untuk membantu pesakit mendapat kesejahteraan dari sudut kerohanian. Terdapat tiga tahap pendekatan dakwah di hospital iaitu nasihat, bimbingan dan pengukuhan emosi dan psikologi. Oleh kerana hospital menumpukan kepada rawatan klinikal, maka dakwah dan bimbingan kerohanian dijalankan secara sokongan dan sukarela. Artikel ini mengemukakan tiga tahap pendekatan ini dan pelaksananya yang terdiri daripada kakitangan hospital, pegawai yang dikhususkan, ahli keluarga dan orang luar termasuklah pesakit itu sendiri. Kakitangan dan pegawai perlu mengambil tanggungjawab ini walaupun mereka mempunyai kerja hakiki di hospital, manakala ahli keluarga sangat bertanggungjawab dalam memastikan tanggungjawab pesakit terhadap sudut ibadah dipenuhi. Pesakit juga perlu meningkatkan sendiri keyakinan dan amalan kerohanian supaya kuat menghadapi ujian sakit.

ABSTRACT


Patients in the hospital do not only need clinical care, but they also need spiritual guidance to strengthen and manful emotion in facing their pain testing. Nevertheless, the spiritual aspects are often overlooked; meanwhile, the physical pain is closely related to the spiritual aspects. Treatments with both aspects need to be combined wisely to provide a holistic treatment to the patients. Here, da’wah plays the role of helping the patient in spiritual well-being. There are three stages of da’wah’s in the hospital: advising, coaching, emotional and psychological counseling. As the hospitals focus on clinical care, spiritual guidance will be conducted on a supportive and voluntary basis. This article discusses these approaches and their roles that will include the hospital staff, dedicated officers, family members, and outsiders, including the patient himself. Hospital staffs and officers shall take on this responsibility in addition to their primary task in the hospital, while family members are very responsible in ensuring the patient’s responsibilities in worship are fulfilled. Patients also have to improve their self-confidence and spiritual experience in order to withstand the pain test.


Full Text:

PDF

References


al-Quran.

al-Muhammadi, Ali Muhammad Yusof. 1991. Hukum al-Tadawi fi al-Islam. t.tp: t.p.

Abdul Basit. 2006. Wacana Dakwah Kontemporer. Yogyakarta: STAIN Purwokerto dan Pustaka Pelajar.

Abdullah, Ibadurrahman Zarkasyi. 2017. Pola Bimbingan Islami terhadap Pasien Rawat Inap. Banda Aceh: Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry.

Aenurrohim Faqih. 2001. Bimbingan Kaunseling dalam Islam. Yogyakarta: UII Perss.

Ahmad Atabik & Ahmad Burhanuddin. 2015. Konsep nasih ulwan tentang pendidikan anak. Elementary 3(2): 274-96.

Ahmad Najaa Mokhtar, Jahid Hj Sidek, Muhammad Khairi Mahyuddin, Abdul Rahim Zumrah, Mahyuddin Ismail, Rosidayu Sabran, Rumaizuddin Ghazali. 2018. Fenomena kepercayaan dan amalan masyarakat dalam perubatan Islam di Malaysia. Jurnal Ushuluddin Adab dan Dakwah 1(2): 155-75.

Ahmad Watik. 1980. Pelayanan Kesihatan Pasien yang Dirawat di RSI. Dlm. Makalah Seminar Pelayanan RSI, hlm. 7. Yogyakarta.

Anawiyah Abdul Aziz. 2016. Emosi pesakit kanser perlu dijaga dan dirawat. www.kk. usm.my/index.php/ms/arkib-berita/273-emosi-pesakit-kanser-perlu-dijaga-dandirawat [25 April 2018].

Anis Abd Wahab. 2011. Hubungan Kecerdasan spiritual dengan kualiti kehidupan staf sokongan Fakulti Pendidikan Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Tesis Sarjana, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.

al-Asqalani, Ibn Hajar. 2003. Fath al-Bari bi Sharh Sahih al-Bukhari. Beirut: Dar alKutub al- Ilmiyyah.

Asadzandi, M. 2017. Sound heart: Spiritual nursing care model from religious viewpoint. Journal of Religion and Heatlh 56: 2063-2075. DOI 10.1007/s10943015-0038-1.

Azizi Salleh. 1993. Kaunseling Islam Asas. Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publication dan Distributor Sdn Bhd.

Baedi Bukhori. 2005. Upaya Optimalisasikan Sistem Pelayanan Kerohanian bagi Pasien Rawat Inap. Semarang: Walisongo.

Bahagian Perkembangan Perubatan KKM. 2017. Garis Panduan Pelaksanaan Program Hospital Mesra Ibadah (Perspektif Islam). Bahagian Perkembangan Perubatan Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia.

Basri Ibrahim & Berhanuddin Abdullah. 2007. Sikap Pesakit Terhadap Solat: Kajian Kes di Hospital Kuala Terengganu. Dlm. Prosiding Seminar Penyelidikan Dalam Pengajian Islam, hlm. 67-77.

al-Bayanuni, 1995. Madkhal ila Ilm al-Da’wah. Beirut: Muassasat al-Risalah.

Dedy Susanto. 2014. Dakwah melalui layanan psikoterapi ruqyah bagi pasien penderita kesurupan. Konseling Religi: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Islam 5(2): 313-34.

Deuraseh, Nurdeng @ Nurdeen. 2006. Health and medicine in the Islamic tradition based on the book of medicine (Kitab al-Tibb) of Sahih al- Bukhari. Jurnal of the International Society for the History of Islamic Medicine 5(9):1-14.

Ema Hidayanti. 2014. Dakwah pada setting rumah sakit. Konseling Religi: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Islam 5(2): 223-244.

Farhani, D. 2003. Memerangi Kanser Payudara. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa & Pustaka.

Hafiz J, Dzulkhairi MR, Shamsir MA and Abu N. 2016. Knowledge, atitude and practise toward religious obligations among healthcare workers in Hospital Langkawi, Malaysia. Medical Journal Malaysia 15(2):1-6.

HAMKA. 2008. Lembaga Budi. Shah Alam: Pustaka Dini.

Haslinda Lukman, Latifah Abd. Majid & Wan Nasyrudin Wan Abdullah. 2015. Kesan terapi Ruqyah dalam merawat pesakit HIV/AIDS. Al-Hikmah 7(1):119-131.

Hatta Sidi & Mohamed Hatta Shaharom. 2002. Mengurus Stress Pendekatan Yang Praktikal. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa Dan Pustaka.

Ibn Manzur, Jamal al-Din Muhammad Ibn Mukram al- Ifriqi al-Misri. t.th. Lisan alArabi. Beirut: Dar Sadir.

Islamic Fiqh Academy. 2000. Resolution and Recommendations of the Council of the Islamic Fiqh Academy. Jeddah: Islamic Development Bank.

Jasser Auda. 2014. Maqasid Syariah: A Beginer’s Guide. Terj. Marwan Bukhari A. Hamid. Batu Caves: PTS Islamika.

Khalifa, N. & Hardie, T. 2005. Possession and Jinn. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 98: 351-353.

Lewis, R. W. 1977. The Technique of Psychotherapy. New York City: Grune & Stratton.

Lim, A., Hoek, H. W. & Dirk, J. 2014. The attribution of psychotic symptoms to jinn in Islamic patients. Transcultural Psychiatry 52 (1): 18-32.

Majma al-Fiqh al-Islami al-Duwali. 2009. al-Qararat wa al-Tawsiyat. Mu’tamar alIslami, daulah al-Imarat al-Arabiyyah al-Muttahidah, al-Daurah al-Tasi’ah Ashar, 26-30 April 2009.

Mohamed Sharif Mustaffa. 1998. Kaunseling Islam. Jurnal Pendidikan, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 4 (1): 19-30.

Mustafa Abdul Rahman.1998. Hadith 40 Terjemahan dan Syarahnya. Shah Alam: Dewan Pustaka Fajar.

Nora Ahmad @ Aziz. 2018. Hubungan Antara Amalan Kerohanian dengan Emosi Pesakit Kanser Wanita di Persatuan Kebangsaan Kanser Malaysia (PKMM). Kuala Lumpur. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Nora Ahmad@Aziz & A’dawiyah Ismail. 2017. Jenis-jenis emosi pesakit kanser wanita di Persatuan Kebangsaan Kanser Malaysia (PKKM) Kuala Lumpur. Journal of Human Capital Development 10 (2): 63-74.

Norhafizah Musa, Azahar Yaakub@Ariffin, Siti Suhaila Ihwani, Adibah Muhtar, Zaharah Mustafa & Mohd Hambali Rashid. 2018. Psikoterapi Islam menurut alQuran dan al- Sunnah dalam mengurus tekanan pesakit kanser payudara. Journal of Social Science and Humanities 13 (2): 131-140.

Noor Naemah Abdul Rahman, Ridzwan Ahmad & Luqman Abdullah. 2015. AMD dan beberapa persoalan hukum muzakarah pakar bioetika islami mengenai isu Advance Medical Directive (AMD), Anjuran Institut Kefahaman Islam Malaysia (IKIM) Kuala Lumpur, 7 April 2015.

Norziah Othman & Ranita Manap. 2016. Penyakit tidak berjangkit: Suatu ancaman, Kertas Kerja 3rd International Conference on Management & Muamalah 2016. Krabi Front Bay Resort Thailand, 31 Okt - 1 Nov.

Pia Khoirotun Nisa’. 2018. Komunikasi dakwah imam al-Ghazali dalam kitab Ihya Ulumuddin. Wardah 19 (2): 249-266.

al-Qurtubi, Muhamad Ahmad al-Ansari. 2004. Al-Jami li Ahkam al-Quran. Beirut: Dar al- Kutub al Ilmiyyah.

Rani Wijayanti. 2017. Bandar Lampung. Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Raden Intan Lampung.

Robinson, S., Kendrick, K. & Brown, A. 2003. Spirituality and the Practise of Healthcare. Hamsphire: Palgrave MacMillan.

Myrick C. S. J., Devan S. & Trevor M. B. 2018. Addressing a patient’s hope for a miracle. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 55 (2): 535-539.

Ulwan, Abdullah Nasih. 1997. Tarbiyat al-Aulad fi al-Islam. al-Qahirah: Dar al-Salam.

World Health Organization. 2015. The top ten causes of death. http:// www. who.int/ mediacentre/factsheets/fs310/en/index1.html.

Yusuf & Nurihsan. 2008. Landasan Bimbingan dan Konseling. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.

Zakiah Daradjat. 2005. Ilmu Jiwa Agama. Jakarta: Bulan Bintang.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


  ISSN: 1985-6830

eISSN: 2550-2271

JURNAL HADHARI: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
Institut Islam Hadhari
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
43600 UKM Bangi
Selangor, MALAYSIA.


Phone: +603-8921 7187/7176/6994
Fax: +603-8921 6990
Email: jhadhari@ukm.edu.my

Web: ejournals.ukm.my/jhadhari