Pengetahuan dan kesedaran penduduk terhadap pencemaran udara trafik di Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (Public knowlegde and awareness of traffic air pollution in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)
Abstract
Laporan Jabatan Alam Sekitar menunjukkan kenderaan bermotor merupakan punca utama bahan pencemar udara yang tinggi di Kuala Lumpur. Keseriusan masalah pencemaran udara trafik yang berlaku di Kuala Lumpur juga dipengaruhi oleh tahap pengetahuan, sikap dan kesedaran penduduk tentang proses dan impak pencemaran udara trafik yang berlaku. Tahap pengetahuan dan kesedaran penduduk di Kuala Lumpur tentang pencemaran udara trafik dikaji dengan menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif yang melibatkan 200 orang penduduk melalui kaedah persampelan rawak mudah yang menetap di sekitar enam zon strategik Kuala Lumpur iaitu Pusat Bandaraya, Wangsa Maju-Maluri, Sentul-Menjalara, Damansara-Penchala, Bukit Jalil-Seputeh dan Bandar Tun Razak-Sungai Besi. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa tahap pengetahuan dan kesedaran penduduk adalah sederhana, iaitu lebih daripada 50 peratus penduduk hanya memberi persepsi positif dalam dua aspek iaitu pengetahuan asas tentang pencemaran udara trafik (melebihi 55 peratus responden) dan impak negatif terhadap kesihatan manusia (melebihi 70 peratus responden). Namun begitu, bagi aspek lain seperti proses kewujudan pencemaran udara trafik dan kualiti bahan bakar serta RON menunjukkan hanya 58 peratus penduduk tahu tentang RON dan 42 peratus penduduk tidak memahami dengan terperinci melalui beberapa jawapan yang salah dan kurang tepat. Kesannya, pemahaman dan kesedaran penduduk sangat penting dalam usaha untuk mengawal serta mengurangkan impak negative pencemaran udara trafik terhadap kesihatan dan kualiti hidup penduduk di Kuala Lumpur. Kerjasama antara pihak berkuasa melalui implementasi strategi dan memperkenalkan pelbagai insentif kepada penduduk bertujuan untuk mengawal dan mengurangkan kesan negatif pencemaran udara trafik secara langsung menawarkan perlindungan alam sekitar dan dasar kesihatan lebih berkesan di bandaraya Kuala Lumpur.
Kata Kunci: Analisis deskriptif, Kuala Lumpur, pencemaran udara trafik, pengetahuan dan kesedaran penduduk
According to a report by the Department of Environment, motor vehicles are the leading cause of high pollutants in Kuala Lumpur. The seriousness of the traffic pollution problem in Kuala Lumpur is also influenced by the level of knowledge, attitude and awareness of the people regarding the process and impact of the traffic pollution. The level of knowledge and awareness of Kuala Lumpur residents on traffic pollution was assessed using descriptive statistical analysis involving 200 residents through simple random sampling in six strategic zones of Kuala Lumpur namely City Centre, Wangsa Maju-Maluri, Sentul-Menjalara, Damansara-Penchala, Bukit Jalil-Seputeh dan Bandar Tun Razak-Sungai Besi. The results show that the level of knowledge and awareness of the population is modest, that is, more than 50 percent of the population shows positive perception in two aspects, namely basic knowledge of traffic pollution (above 55 percent of respondent) and negative impact of air pollution on human health (more than 70 percent of respondent). However, other aspects such as the process of the existence of traffic pollution and the quality of gasoline fuel such as RON show that only 58 percent of population in Kuala Lumpur known about the RON and 42 percent of population does not understand in detail through some given incorrect and inaccurate answers. As a result, population understanding and awareness of traffic air pollution problem is very important to control and reduce the negative on health and quality of population life. Cooperation between the authorities and policy makers is necessary in the implementation of the strategy and introduction of various incentives to the population aimed at controlling and reducing the negative impact of traffic pollution and at the same time offering environmental protection and making environmental health policy more targeted and effective in the city of Kuala Lumpur.
Keywords: Descriptive analysis, Kuala Lumpur, traffic pollution, public knowledge and awareness
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