Penggunaan telefon pintar dan tahap nomofobia dalam kalangan murid berkeperluan khas di sekolah menengah (Smartphone usage and nomophobia level among special needs students in secondary schools)
Abstract
Kajian tinjauan ini dilaksanakan bagi mengenalpasti penggunaan telefon pintar dan tahap nomofobia dalam kalangan murid berkeperluan khas di sekolah menengah. Nomofobia merupakan satu keadaan di mana individu akan berasa takut dan bimbang apabila telefon pintar tidak bersama mereka. Murid berkeperluan khas dengan nomofobia terdedah kepada pelbagai kesan negatif dari segi perkembangan kemahiran motor, pencapaian akademik mahupun sosial. Soal selidik telah ditadbir terhadap 285 orang murid dari empat buah sekolah menengah pendidikan khas yang mengalami sama ada masalah pembelajaran, kurang upaya pendengaran, kurang upaya penglihatan, kurang upaya pertuturan atau kurang upaya fizikal. Statistik deskriptif yang melibatkan frekuensi, peratus, nilai min serta sisihan piawai telah digunakan bagi menganalisis data berkenaan tempoh penggunaan telefon pintar, tujuan penggunaan dan tahap nomofobia. Statistik inferensi melalui Ujian-T Dua Sampel Bebas pula membandingkan tahap nomofobia dari aspek jantina manakala Anova Sehala membandingkan tahap nomofobia dari segi tempoh penggunaan telefon pintar. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan murid-murid sekolah menengah pendidikan khas mengalami tahap nomofobia yang sederhana. Wujud perbezaan yang signifikan antara jantina, dengan lelaki menunjukkan tahap nomofobia yang lebih tinggi namun tidak menunjukkan perbezaan yang signifikan bagi tahap nomofobia dari segi tempoh penggunaan telefon pintar. Kajian ini memberi implikasi kepada peranan guru, ibu bapa dan komuniti dalam mengawal penggunaan telefon pintar serta mengurangkan tahap nomofobia murid-murid berkeperluan khas melalui pelaksanaan program-program dan intervensi bagi menggalakkan perkembangan mereka ke arah yang lebih positif.
Kata kunci: media sosial, komunikasi, murid berkeperluan khas, nomofobia, pembelajaran maya, penggunaan telefon pintar
The purpose of this survey is to identify smartphone usage and nomophobia level among the students with special needs in secondary schools. Nomophobia is the fear and anxiety experienced by an individual in the absence of a smartphone and it can cause negative impacts in motor skill development, academic achievement and socialization of students with special needs. Questionaire was administered to 285 students with special needs from four secondary schools who are either from the category of learning disability, hearing impairment, visual impairment, speech impairment or physical disability. Data regarding the duration of smartphone usage, purpose of its usage and nomophobia level were analysed using descriptive statistic, involving frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Inferential statistics via Two Sample Independent T-Test was performed to compare the level of nomophobia between male and female. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the nomophobia level in the aspect of smartphone usage duration. The findings showed that the nomophobia level among the special needs students is moderate. The nomophobia level is higher among the male students. However, no significant difference was found between the duration of smartphone usage and the level of nomophobia. These findings have implications on the role of teachers, parents and community in controlling the smartphone usage and reducing the nomophobia level among the students with special needs in enhancing more positive development in their life by organising programs and providing intervention for those in need.
Keywords: social media, communication, students with special needs, nomophobia, virtual learning, smartphone usage
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