Pandangan pesakit wanita HIV terhadap kematian (The perception of HIV women patients on death)

Mushrom Muda

Abstract


Penularan wabak Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) dan Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) yang melibatkan kaum wanita di seluruh dunia kini menjadi kebimbangan baharu kerana peningkatan bilanganya setiap tahun. Di Malaysia, penularan wabak ini juga turut meningkat terutamanya yang melibatkan golongan suri rumah dan gadis remaja. Golongan wanita berisiko tinggi menyebarkan HIV positif kepada orang lain melalui hubungan seks (suami HIV negatif) dan bayi dalam kandungan. Wanita yang dijangkiti HIV positif mempunyai pandangan yang berbeza terhadap apa yang berlaku dan kebanyakan pandangan-pandangan ini bersifat negatif. ‘Kematian’ adalah pandangan yang paling banyak diperkatakan oleh wanita yang menghidap HIV positif. Pandangan-pandangan yang diberikan oleh penghidap wanita ini memerlukan satu perbincangan tentang mengapa mereka beranggapan sedemikian. Sehubungan dengan itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk membincangkan bentuk-bentuk pandangan oleh wanita Melayu setelah disahkan sebagai penghidap HIV positif. Kajian ini menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui temubual secara mendalam kepada 20 orang informan terdiri daripada wanita telah dijangkiti HIV positif yang menetap di sekitar Besut (Terengganu), Pasir Puteh, Bachok dan Kota Bharu (Kelantan). Manakala data sekunder berbentuk kajian lepas, jurnal-jurnal dan statistik telah digunakan. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa, rata-rata informan memberi pandangan negatif dan mengaitkan HIV positif dengan ‘kematian’ serta perkara negatif lain seperti jangkitan ‘orang benci, orang hina’ dan ‘orang malu’.  Kekurangan maklumat atau mendapat maklumat yang salah menjadi punca kepada pandangan ini. Baik atau buruk pandangan oleh penghidap boleh mempengaruhi proses pemulihan dan pemerkasaan diri mereka.

Kata kunci: HIV positif, kematian, pandangan, sumber maklumat, pengetahuan, wanita

The spread of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) outbreak affecting women around the world is now a new concern due to the increasing number of casses each year. In Malaysia, the outbreak has also  increased especially involving housewives and teenage girls. The women are at high risk of transmitting HIV positive to others through sex (husband HIV negative) and the unborn baby. Women who are infected with HIV positive have different views on what is happening and most of these views are negative. 'Death' is the most widely spoken view of women living with HIV positive. The views given by these women sufferers need a some discussion as why do they think so. Therefore, this article aims to discuss the forms of views by the Malay women after they were diagnosed as HIV positive. This study uses primary and secondary data. The primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews of up to 20 informants including women with HIV positive living in Besut (Terengganu), Pasir Puteh, Bachok and Kota Bharu (Kelantan). While the secondary data is in the form of previous studies, journals and statistics were used. The study found that the informants gave negative views and associate HIV positive with 'death' and other negative things such as ‘infections’, ‘hate’, ‘humiliation’ and ‘embarrassment’. Lack of information or misinformation is the cause of  these views. Good or bad,  views by the sufferers can affect their recovery and empowerment process.

Keywords: HIV positive, death, views, information, knowledge, women


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