Penilaian Pengetahuan Dan Kesedian Menghadapi Bencana Gempa Bumi Dalam Kalangan Guru Sekolah Di Ranau, Sabah (Assessment Of Readiness And Earthquake Disaster Prevention Knowledge Of School Teachers’ In Ranau, Sabah)

Soon Singh A/L Bikar Singh, Balan Rathakrishnan, Dg. Norizah Ag Kiflee, Rosli Talip, Zulfikar Zulfikar, Arlyn Sim Swee Lan

Abstract


Gempa bumi Ranau yang melanda pada 5 Jun 2015 adalah gegaran yang paling kuat di Sabah dan menyebabkan penduduk tempatan dalam keadaan panik. Hal ini menunjukkan bahawa penduduk di Sabah harus dididik agar bersedia untuk menghadapi bencana alam ini yang dijangka akan berlaku dalam masa 20 tahun lagi. Pelbagai kajian menunjukkan hasrat murni ini akan tercapai sekiranya pengetahuan pencegahan dan mengahadapi gempa bumi ini diterapkan melalui pendidikan formal di sekolah. Namun begitu, pengetahuan dan kesediaan guru tentang pencegahan dan menghadapi bencana gempa bumi perlu diambil kira untuk memastikan mereka bersedia untuk mendidik murid. Kajian ini yang berpaksikan  kaedah penyelidikan  gabungan (Explanatory Sequantial Design) dijalankan untuk mengkaji pengetahuan dan kesediaan guru sekolah  di Ranau untuk menghadapi bencana gempa bumi. Kaedah persampelan bertujuan telah digunakan untuk memilih 18 buah sekolah yang mengalami kerosakan teruk akibat dari bencana gempa bumi 2015. Enam orang guru lelaki dan perempuan telah dipilih secara rawak mudah untuk ditemuramah. Instrument The Spittal Eartquake knowledge and Readiness Scale digunakan untuk mendapatkan data kuantitatif. Data kualitatif dikumpul dengan menggunakan kaedah temuramah semuka. Analisis data kuantitatif menunjukkan bahawa tahap pemahaman konsep gempa bumi dan kesediaan guru untuk menghadapi bencana alam ini adalah sederhana. Terdapat juga perbezaan yang signifikan tahap pemahaman mengenai konsep gempa bumi dan kesediaan untuk menghadapi bencana ini antara guru lelaki dan perempuan. Analisis kualitatif menunjukkan  tahap pemahaman konsep dan kesedian guru untuk menghadapi bencana gempa bumi adalah sederhana kerana mereka tidak jangka bahawa kawasan Ranau berisiko tinggi. Guru perempuan mempunyai pengetahuan yang lebih baik berbandingkan guru lelaki dalam menghadapi bencana gempa bumi kerana mereka  meneroka maklumat melalui internet, akhbar, laman web dan group Whats App. Penemuan kualitatif juga merumuskan bahawa guru lelaki lebih bersedia menghadapi bencana gempa bumi berbanding dengan guru wanita. Oleh itu, disarankan agar pihak Jabatan Pendidikan Negeri dan Jabatan Pendidikan Daerah dengan kerja sama NGO menganjurkan kursus dan latihan untuk membantu guru meningkatkan pengetahuan bencana gempa agar mereka lebih bersedia untuk menghadapi bencana gempa bumi dan menyalurkan ilmu ini kepada murid di sekolah.

Kata Kunci: gempa bumi, pengetahuan, kesedian, guru, ranau

 Assessment Of Readiness And Earthquake Disaster Prevention Knowledge Of School Teachers’ In Ranau, Sabah

ABSTRACT

The Ranau earthquake that struck on 5 June 2015 was the strongest earthquake in Sabah and caused Sabahan in panic. This suggests that Sabahan should be devoted to preparing for this natural disaster in future. Various studies have shown that this desire will be achieved if the knowledge of prevention of the earthquake is implemented through formal education in schools. Nevertheless, teachers' readiness and knowledge of earthquake disaster prevention need to be taken into account. This study, which is based on mixed method (Explanatory Sequential Design), is conducted to study the knowledge and readiness of school teachers in the Ranau area to face the earthquake. Purposive sampling methods were used to select 18 schools suffering from severe damage due to the 2015 earthquake disaster. Random sampling methods were used to select six male and female teachers for interviews. The Spittal Earthquake Knowledge and Readiness Scale is used to obtain quantitative data. Qualitative data are collected using interview methods. Quantitative data analysis shows that the understanding of earthquake concepts and teachers' willingness to deal with this natural disaster is moderate. There is also a significant difference in the understanding of the earthquake concept and the willingness to cope with this disaster between male and female teachers. Qualitative analysis shows that the level of understanding of concepts and the willingness of teachers to cope with the earthquake is moderate because they are unlikely that the Ranau area  will struck by earthquake. Female teachers have better knowledge of male teachers in the face of an earthquake disaster as they often explore information via the internet, newspapers, websites and group Whats App. Qualitative findings also reveal that male teachers are more prepared to face earthquakes than female teachers. Therefore, it is advisable that the State Education Department and the Regional Education Department with NGO cooperation organize courses and training to help teachers improve the earthquake disaster knowledge so that they are more prepared to face the earthquake disaster and channel this knowledge to students at school.

Keywords: earthquake, knowledge, readiness, teacher, Ranau


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