INVENTORI KEKAYAAN SPESIES PEPATUNG (ODONATA) PEMANGSA DI SEKITAR HABITAT SAWAH PADI DI SUNGAI PANJANG, HULU SELANGOR, MALAYSA
Abstract
Pepatung dan pepatung jarum (Odonata) merupakan serangga pemangsa yang penting dalam rangkaian pemakanan haiwan terutamanya di ekosistem akuatik seperti sawah padi. Kajian kepelbagaian pepatung di Semenanjung Malaysia banyak tertumpu kepada ekosistem semulajadi seperti di sungai, tasik dan kolam. Data kekayaan spesies dan komposisi pepatung di kawasan agroekosistem seperti di kasawan sawah padi amat kurang. Kajian inventori ini telah dilakukan dari Mei hingga Jun 2023 di kasawan sawah padi di Kampung Sungai Panjang, Hulu Selangor. Persampelan pepatung telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan jaring sauk di enam titik persampelan sepanjang 4 km di kawasan sawah padi. Sejumlah 131 individu Odonata mewakili tujuh spesies dalam tujuh genus di bawah dua famili iaitu Coenagrionidae dan Libellulidae telah berjaya direkod. Hasil kajian ini telah mengenalpasti tiga spesies pepatung yang dominan iaitu Trithemis pallidinervis sebanyak 41 individu, diikuti Ischnura senegalensis dengan 38 individu dan Orthetrum sabina dengan 30 individu daripada 131 jumlah individu. Ketiga-tiga spesies ini adalah pepatung yang hidup di kawasan terbuka dan panas, sesuai dengan habitat di kawasan sawah padi. Trithemis pallidinervis dan Orthetrum sabina adalah pepatung yang lebih agresif dan mempunyai kawasan pencarian mangsa yang luas. Spesies yang kurang melimpah adalah Acisoma panorpoides, Brachythemis contaminata dan Rhyothemis phyllis. Ketiga-tiga spesies ini biasa dijumpai di kolam dan parit yang beraliran perlahan. Nilai indeks kepelbagaian (H’) di kawasan kajian ialah 1.540, indeks Kekayaan (R) ialah 1.231 dan indeks Kesamarataan (E) ialah 0.666. Secara umumnya, kepelbagaian spesies pepatung di kawasan sawah padi adalah rendah. Hasil ini dipengaruhi oleh pendominasian beberapa spesies dan seterusnya menyumbang kepada nilai indeks kesamarataan (E) yang rendah. Penentuan spesies dominan adalah penting untuk kajian lanjut penggunaan pepatung sebagai agen kawalan biologi di kawasan sawah padi.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Barrion, A.T. & Listinger, J. 1994. Biology and Management of Rice Insects. New York: Wiley Eastern Ltd.
Che Salmah, M.R. 1996. Some aspects of biology and ecology of Neurothemis tullia (Drury) (Odonata:Libellulidae) in the laboratory and rainfed rice field in Peninsular Malaysia. Ph.D. Thesis. Universiti Pertanian Malaysia.
Che Salmah, M.R., Salman A.A., Amir Shah R.M.S., Abu Hassan, A. & Azmi, M. 2012. Effects of herbicides on Odonata communities in a rice agroecosystem. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry 94(6):1188–1198.
Che Salmah, M.R., Siregar, A.Z., Abu Hassan, A. & Nasution, Z. 2017. Dynamics of aquatic organisms in a rice field ecosystem: effects of seasons and cultivation phases on abundance and predator-prey interactions. Tropical Ecology 58(1): 177-191.
Choong, C.Y., Ng, Y.F. & Dow, R.A. 2012. Odonata (Insecta) from Three forests Central Terengganu. Malayan Nature Journal 64(12): 95-104.
Choong, C.Y., Dow, R.A. & Ng, Y.F. 2020. Additional records of Odonata from Kelantan and Terengganu, Malaysia. Journal of the International Dragonfly Fund 144:1-26.
Choong, C.Y., Yasser, M.A. & Nurfarhana, H.H. 2018. Ancient Creatures: Dragonflies and Damselflies of Malaysia - Malaysia Biodiversity Information System. Putrajaya: Kementerian Air, Tanah dan Sumber Asli.
Corbet, P.S. 2004. Dragonflies: Behaviour and Ecology of Odonata (Revised Edition). New York: Cornell University Press.
Jacob, S., Thomas, A. & Manju, E. 2017. Bio-control efficiency of Odonata nymphs on Aedes aegypti lar¬vae. Journal Environment Science 11:1-4.
Dow, R.A., Ng, Y.F. & Choong, C.Y. 2012. Odonata of Sungai Bebar, Pahang, Malaysia, with four species recorded for the first time from mainland Asia. Journal of Threatened Taxa 4(3): 2417-2426.
Dow, R.A., Choong, C.Y. & Ng, Y.F. 2016. Records of Odonata from Perlis, Malaysia in August 2015, with a checklist of species recorded from the state Faunistic Studies in South-East Asian and Pacific Island Odonata. Journal of the International Dragonfly Fund 16: 1-22.
Dow, R.A. & Ng, Y.F. 2020, New records of Odonata from Selangor and Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, with provisional checklists of species recorded from the states. Journal of the International Dragonfly Fund 146: 1-29.
Google Earth 2023.
https://earth.google.com/web/search/3%C2%B042%E2%80%9959.2%E2%80%9DN+101%C2%B004%E2%80%9925.0%E2%80%9DE/ [8 Ogos 2023]
Hassan, V. 2021 Dragonflies as an important aquatic predator insect and their potential
for control of vectors of different diseases. Journal of Marine Science 3(3): 13-20.
Mandal, S., Ghosh, A., Bhattacharjee, I. & Chandra, G. 2008. Bio-control efficiency of odonate nymphs against larvae of the mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823. Acta Tropical 106: 109-114.
Mohd Fitri, M. & Maisarah, M.S. 2014. Kepelbagaian artropod dalam tanaman padi tradisional di Batang Lupar, Sarawak. Jurnal Teknologi Sciences and Engineering 70(6): 41–44.
Norma Rashid, Y., Mohd Sofian, A. & Zakaria Ismail, M. 2001. Diversity and distribution of Odonata (dragonfly and damselflies) in the freshwater swamp lake Tasek Bera, Malaysia. Hydrobiologia 459: 135-146.
Orr, A.G. 2003. A Guide to the Dragonflies of Borneo: Their Identification and Biology. Kota Kinabalu, Sabah: Natural History Publications (Borneo).
Orr, A.G. 2005. A Pocket Guide: Dragonflies of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. Kota Kinabalu, Sabah: Natural History Publications (Borneo).
Pavithran, S., Chitra, N., Arulprakash, R. & Sugumaran, M.P. 2020. Diversity of Odonata in the rice fields of Tamil Nadu. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 8(5): 2115–2118.
Radhakrishnan, V., Arulprakash, R., Parivarthani, I., Ponnivalavan, S., Priyadharshini, M. & Pandiyan, M. 2020. Richness and diversity of odonates of the agricultural college and research institute, Vazhavachanur, Tamilnadu, India. Acta Biologica 27: 57–65.
Rathod, D.M. & Parasharya, B.M. 2015. Feeding potential of adult dragonflies, Pantala flavescens (Fabricius), Brachythemis contaminata Fabricius and Bradinopyga geminata Rambur (Anisoptera: Libellulidae) on insect pests under laboratory condition. Journal of Biological Control 29(2): 85-88.
Ryan, P.D., Harper, D.A.T. & Whalley, J.S. 1995. PALSTAT, Statistics for paleontologists. London: Chapman & Hall (now Kluwer Academic Publishers).
Rowe, R. 2003. Dragonflies: Behaviour and ecology of Odonata. Australian Journal of Entomology 42(2): 210-211.
Silsby, J. 2001. Dragonflies of the World. UK and Europe: Natural History Museum in association with CSIRO.
Susanto, M.A.D. 2022. Diversity and composition of dragonfly (Odonata) at the Punden Sumur Bumi Area, Surabaya, East Java. International Journal of Applied Biology 6(2): 43-56.
Utusan Malaysia. 2021. Bena perang capai tahap kematian pokok padi.
https://www.utusan.com.my/berita/2021/02/bena-perang-capai-tahap-kematian-pokok-padi/ [9 Ogos 2023]
Utusan Malaysia. 2023. Cuaca panas: 15 kawasan rekod suhu cecah 37 darjah Celcius
https://www.utusan.com.my/nasional/2023/05/cuaca-panas-15-kawasan-rekod-suhu-cecah-37-darjah-celcius/[9 Ogos 2023]
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.