KECENDERUNGAN PEMANGSAAN Cosmolestes picticeps DAN Velinus sp. (REDUVIIDAE)TERHADAP KUMBANG PENDEBUNGA SAWIT, Elaeidobius kamerunicus DAN ULAT BUNGKUS, Metisa plana DI MAKMAL

Muhammad Luqman Hakim Azhari, Norfatin Atiqah Ab Halim, Dzulhemi Nasir, Izfa Riza Binti Hazmi

Abstract


Elaeidobius kamerunicus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) merupakan pendebunga utama kelapa sawit di Malaysia. Keberkesanan pendebunga ini adalah penting untuk memastikan penghasilan set buah yang optimum. Jadi, adalah penting untuk mengenalpasti faktor yang mempengaruhi keberkesanan pendebungaan oleh kumbang E. kamerunicus. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti kecenderungan pemangsaan Cosmolestes picticeps dan Velinus sp. terhadap E. kamerunicus dan Metisa plana dalam keadaan makmal, dan menentukan jumlah kumbang E. kamerunicus yang boleh dimakan oleh pemangsa reduviid C. picticeps dan Velinus sp. Bagi penentuan kecenderungan pemangsaan, sebanyak 25 individu jantan dan 25 betina C. picticeps (n=50) dan 25 individu jantan dan 25 betina Velinus sp. (n=50) diletakkan secara individu dan berasingan di dalam bekas bersaiz (13cm x 19cm x 3.8 cm). Larva ulat bungkus, M. plana dan kumbang E. kamerunicus dimasukkan ke dalam setiap bekas dan ujian pilihan (choice test) antara dua jenis diet berbeza dijalankan ke atas pemangsa reduviid. Hasil kajian menunjukkan pemangsaan oleh C. picticeps (43:7) dan Velinus sp. (42:8) adalah lebih pada E. kamerunicus berbanding M. plana. Bagi penentuan bilangan kumbang E. kamerunicus dimakan oleh C. picticeps dan Velinus sp., sebanyak 50 individu jantan dan 50 betina C. picticeps (n=100) dan 50 individu jantan dan 50 betina Velinus sp. (n=100) diletakkan secara individu dan berasingan dalam bekas bersaiz (13cm x 19cm x 3.8 cm). Sejumlah 10 individu E. kamerunicus yang hidup dimasukkan ke dalam 200 bekas berasingan pemangsa reduviid yang telah disediakan. Pemerhatian dijalankan selama 24 jam. Hasil kajian mendapati jumlah E. kamerunicus yang dimakan oleh betina C. picticeps dan Velinus sp. adalah lebih tinggi berbanding pemangsaan oleh jantan. Ujian t-dua sampel menunjukkan perbezaan siginifikan (P<0.05) pada pemangsaan C. picticeps dan Velinus sp. terhadap E. kamerunicus dan M. plana. Dapatan kajian ini dijangka dapat menjadi rujukan untuk pengurusan perosak bersepadu (IPM) di lapangan.


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