OVIPOSITION DECISION IN THE Callosobruchus maculatus (COLEOPTERA: BRUCHIDAE) ON DIFFERENT TYPES OF LEGUMES

Paramita Maris, Agus Kardinan, Ireng Darwati, Norhayati Ngah

Abstract


Callosobruchus maculatus (Bruchidae: Coleoptera) is a serious insect pest of stored grain that attacks many types of legumes in field and stored environment. A female of C. maculatus has reported shows host preference behaviour in laying eggs, depending on the variety of legumes. Therefore, this research was designed to investigate the influence of protein and carbohydrate content in various types of legumes on the oviposition decision and the hatching successes of C. maculatus. The study was designed in a completely randomized with five treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of peanut (Arachis hypogea L.), red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), mung bean (Vigna radiata L.), soybean (Glycine max L.), and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.). The research was carried out in two ways, namely (a) choice method, where all the grains were mixed, so that the insects could freely choose to oviposit their eggs and (b) no-choice method, where the insects were only given one type of nut to oviposit. Carbohydrate and protein content of grains were analyzed in the laboratory by using titration and Kjeldahl method, respectively. The results show that when given a choice, C. maculatus decided to lay eggs on the seeds of cowpea (97.2±17.2) followed by the mung bean (84.8±16.4), red bean (57.0±12.7), soy bean (49.4±10.4) and peanut (5.4±2.6). The ovipositional pattern was nearly similar when no choice is given to the C. maculatus female where the highest number of eggs were found on mung bean (48.8±12.4), and cow bean (45.4±12.1), but with the slightly low number of eggs. The amount of carbohydrate in mung bean (51.07%) and protein content in cowpea (34.84%) was predicted to influence the ovipositional preference of C. maculatus as these two nutrient contents are highest in both legumes compared to others. However, the ovipositional activity of C. maculatus does not necessary influence the hatches success of their egg as only eggs on mung bean and cowpea were hatched. Further research should be done to identify other factors that might influence oviposition behaviour of C. maculatus. This is important to maximise the effectiveness of management tactics in controlling this insect pest.

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References


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Vir, S. & Jindal, S.K. 1981. The oviposition and development of Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera : Bruchidae) on different host species. Bulletin of Grain Technology 19: 180-184.

Kebe, K., Alvarez, N. & Espindola, A. 2020. Oviposition choice and larval development of the seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (F) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) on three cowpea varieties. Journal Stored Products Research 86 :1-6

Lestari, E., Kiptiah, M. & Apifah. 2017. Karakterisasi tepung kacang hijau dan optimasi penambahan tepung kacang hijau sebagai pengganti tepung terigu dalam pembuatan kue bingka. Jurnal Teknologi Agro-Industri 4(1): 20-34.

Mahendran, K. & Mohan, S. 2002. Technology adoption, estimation of loss and farmers behavior in pulses storage. A study in Western Tamil Nadu. Pestology 26: 35-38.

Mansouri, S.M., Naseri, B. & Bidar, F. 2022. Oviposition preference, population growth and digestive enzymatic function of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.)(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on six legume grains. Journal of Stored Products Research 99: 102011.

Masyta, K., Soeparyo, Rawung, D. & Assa, J.R. 2018. Pengaruh perbandingan tepung sagu (Metroxylon sp.) dan tepung kacang merah (Phaseolus vulgaris) terhadap sifat fisikokimia dan organoleptik food bar. Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian 9(2): 43-55.

Nisar, M.S., Haq, I.U., Ramzan, H., Aljedani, D.M., Qasim, M., Islam, W. & Khan, K.A. 2021. Screening of different legumes for the developmental prefrence of Callosobruchus maculatus (Bruchidae: Coleoptera). International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 41(3): 1-8.

Nwanze, K.F. & Horber, E. 1976. Seed coats of cowpeas affect oviposition and larval development of Callosobruchus maculatus. Journal of Environmental Entomology 5: 213-218.

Rhada, R. & Susheela, P. 2014. Studies on the life history and ovipositional preference of Callosobruchus maculatus reared on different pulses. Research Journal of Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sciences 2: 1-5.

Rybak-Chmielewska, H. 2003. Honey. In Tomasik, P. (ed.). Chemical and Functional Properties of Food Saccharides, 73-80. Boca Raton: CRC.

Self, R. 2007. Extraction of Organic Analytes From Foods: A Manual of Methods. University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry.

Shevkani, K., Singh, N., Chen, Y., Kaur, A. & Yu, L. 2019. Pulse proteins: Secondary structure, functionality and applications. Journal of Food Science and Technology 56: 2787-2798.

Srisakrapikoop, U., Pirie, T.J., Holloway, G.J. & Fellowes, M.D. 2022. Differing effects of parental and natal hosts on the preference and performance of the stored product pests Callosobruchus maculatus and C. analis. Journal of Stored Products Research 95: 101923.

Sukanata, I.K. 2014. Pencegahan serangga hama bruchus dengan penggunaan pestisida nabati. Jurnal Agrijati 26(1): 25-31.

Vir, S. & Jindal, S.K. 1981. The oviposition and development of Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera : Bruchidae) on different host species. Bulletin of Grain Technology 19: 180-184.


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