Melaka: Geografi dan Alam Sekitar Berdasarkan Teks Sejarah Melayu Ras Raffles Malay 18 (Malacca: Geography and Environment Based on the Malay Historical Text Ras Raffles Malay 18)
Abstract
Kata Kunci: Melaka; RAS Raffles Malay 18; Sejarah Melayu; Geografi; Tun Sri Lanang.
ABSTRACT: The Malay historical manuscripts of RAS Raffles Malay 18 is one of earliest versions of the Sejarah Melayu. It was composed or copied around 1612. This text describes the Malay Sultanate of Malacca as a powerful and rapidly developing kingdom. This development process certainly involves the interaction between human and their environment where human need to adapt to the newly explored environment. Literary, studies related to the Sejarah Melayu text usually focus on the fields of literature, politics, law and history. Issues related to geography and environment are still underrepresented. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to highlight issues related to geography and the environment as depicted by the text. This study uses qualitative methods, document analysist and literature research. Based on the study, it was found that Tun Sri Lanang had directly and indirectly described the geography of Malacca such as the conditions of forests, mountains and others in his writing. The description of the population and settlements is quite clear while issues related to agriculture are given less attention. The terms used to determine distance are subjective. Meanwhile, for wind direction, term such as “upwind” and “downwind” are preferred over formal terms such as west and east.
Keywords: Malacca; RAS Raffles Malay 18; Sejarah Melayu; Geography; Tun Sri Lanang
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