Reconstituting the Strategies of Sustainable Stormwater Management (Membangunkan Semula Strategi Kelestarian Pengurusan Air Banjir )
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Sustainable stormwater management strategies such as stormwater wetland, swale, porous pavement and green roof are about the replication of hydrology cycles to reduce quantity and to improve the quality of stormwater through stormwater infrastructures. There are many strategies available, however, little discussion on the relationship of the strategies with the hydrology cycles made the implementation less successful in managing the problem caused by stormwater such as flash flood and water pollution. Hence, this research aims to review the strategies of sustainable stormwater management. Two objectives formulated are (i) to identify the strategies of sustainable stormwater management, and (ii) to identify the relationship of the identified strategies with hydrology cycles. Online journal, forum discussion and e-mail interview were used as methods of data collection in this qualitative research. Five steps of descriptive comparative analysis were used to analyse the data. Consequently, the researcher had identified 18 strategies and listed the strategies in priority order. The 18 strategies are urban stream reclamation, tree canopy cover, change impervious to pervious cover, vegetated surface channel, rainwater harvesting, stream daylighting, infiltration basin, disconnection of impervious area, green roof, modification of soil, stormwater wetland and bioretention pond, barrier system, narrow street, rain garden and greenway. The identified strategies were listed in priority order based on relationship with seven hydrology cycles, which are interception, infiltration, surface runoff, depression storage, evapotranspiration, groundwater flow and interflow. The strategies were analysed with hydrology cycles to ensure the sustainability factors in listing the strategies to manage the stormwater.
Keywords: Strategies; stormwater management; sustainability
ABSTRAK: Strategi pengurusan mampan banjir seperti tanah lembap banjir, kawasan berpaya, turapan berliang dan bumbung hijau merupakan tiruan kitaran hidrologi untuk mengurangkan kuantiti dan meningkatkan kualiti air banjir melalui infrastruktur banjir. Terdapat banyak strategi yang ada, bagaimanapun, kurang perbincangan berkenaan hubungan strategi yang dilakukan dengan kitaran hidrologi membuat pelaksanaan yang kurang berjaya dalam menguruskan masalah yang disebabkan oleh air banjir seperti banjir kilat dan pencemaran air. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji semula strategi pengurusan air ribut yang mampan. Dua matlamat yang dirumuskan adalah seperti (i) untuk mengenal pasti strategi pengurusan banjir yang mampan, dan (ii) untuk mengenal pasti hubungan antara strategi yang dikenal pasti dengan kitaran hidrologi. Jurnal atas talian, forum perbincangan dan temu bual melalui e-mel telah digunakan sebagai kaedah pengumpulan data dalam penyelidikan kualitatif ini. Lima langkah analisis perbandingan deskriptif telah digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Oleh yang demikian, pengkaji telah mengenal pasti 18 strategi dan menyenaraikan strategi mengikut keutamaan. 18 strategi tersebut adalah penambakan bandar sungai, kanopi pokok penutup, menukar kedap kepada penutup kedap, Saluran permukaan tumbuh-tumbuhan, penuaian air hujan, sungai siang, lembangan penyusupan, pemotongan kawasan telap air, bumbung hijau, pengubahsuaian tanah, tanah lembap air banjir dan kolam bio retention, halangan sistem, jalan sempit, taman hujan dan Greenway. Strategi yang dikenal pasti telah disenaraikan mengikut keutamaan berdasarkan hubungannya dengan tujuh kitaran hidrologi, dimana pemintasan, penyusupan, air larian permukaan, penyimpanan tekanan, penyejatpeluhan, aliran air bawah tanah dan aliran antara. Strategi ini dianalisis dengan kitaran hidrologi untuk memastikan faktor-faktor kemampanan dalam senarai strategi untuk menguruskan banjir.
Kata kunci: Strategi; pengurusan air rebut; kelestarian
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