Penilaian Semula Kaedah Abū Ja’far al-Ṭaḥāwī dalam Mentafsir Nas-Nas Mutashābihāt Sebagai Respons terhadap Kekeliruan Akidah Semasa

Abstract

ꜤAqīdah al-Ṭaḥāwiyyah. Hal ini dengan merangkumi perbahasan-perbahasan berikut: (i) kaedah interaksi ayat-ayat mutashābihāt di sisi para ulama, (ii) pernyataan al-Ṭaḥāwī tentang kaedah interaksi dalam kitab al-ꜤAqīdah al-Ṭaḥāwiyyah dan (iii) analisis kaedah interaksi al-Ṭaḥāwī dalam ayat-ayat mutashābihāt. Metodologi yang digunakan bagi kajian ini ialah rekabentuk kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode analisis dokumen terhadap kitab al-ʻAqīdah al-Ṭaḥāwiyyah dan beberapa syarahannya. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa al-Ṭaḥāwī lebih cenderung kepada pendekatan tafwīḍ iaitu beriman dan menyerahkan sepenuhnya maksud ayat-ayat tersebut kepada Allah SWT serta tidak menambah apa-apa penjelasan terhadapnya sebagaimana yang diamalkan oleh para ulama salaf. Selain itu, beliau juga menegah daripada menggunakan kaedah takwil dan menyifatkan kaedah tafwiḍ sebagai satu langkah yang selamat dan terhindar daripada kesalahan. Implikasi daripada kajian ini ialah ia menjelaskan kaedah sebenar golongan salaf al-ṣālih dalam mentafsir ayat-ayat mutashābihat dengan menjadikan al-Ṭaḥāwī, seorang ulama salaf yang disepakati, sebagai satu contoh yang ideal.

Kata kunci: al-Ṭaḥāwī; al-‘Aqīdah al-Ṭaḥāwiyyah; Mutashābihāt; Salaf; Tafwīḍ

ABSTRACT

The debate on the mutashābihāt verses has been a polemic since time immemorial. Among the conflicts that arise is the question of what the correct method is in interacting with these mutashābihāt verses. Thus, it is essential to carefully examine the approaches of relevant scholars to achieve an accurate understanding and avoid misconceptions such as tashbīh, tajsīm, or ta’ṭīl. Abu Ja’far al-Ṭaḥāwī (d. 321 H) is a Salaf scholar who is recognised as the ultimate reference in the field of Aqidah knowledge. He authored a book, al-ꜤAqīda al-Ṭaḥāwiyya, which scholars of his era accepted from both the Salaf and Khalaf groups. The work covers several key debates: (i) how scholars approach the mutashābihāt verses, (ii) al-Ṭaḥāwī’s own views on this method in al-ꜤAqīda al-Ṭaḥāwiyya, and (iii) an examination of al-Ṭaḥāwī’s approach to interpreting the mutashābihāt verses. The methodology used for this study is a qualitative design using the document analysis method of the book al-`Aqīdah al-Ṭaḥāwiyyah and its commentaries. The results of the survey found that al-Ṭaḥāwī is more inclined to the tafwīḍ approach, which is to believe and submit the meaning of the verses to Allah SWT and not add any explanation to them, as practised by the Salaf scholars. In addition, he also prevented using the takwil method and described the tafwiḍ method as a safe step that avoids mistakes.

Keywords: al-Ṭaḥāwī; al-‘Aqīdah al-Ṭaḥāwiyyah; Mutashābihāt; Salaf; Tafwīḍ