Impak pembangunan semula perumahan awam terhadap kualiti hidup penduduk di perumahan awam Razak Mansion, Kuala Lumpur (The impact of public housing redevelopment on residents' quality of life: A case study of Razak Mansion Public Housing, Kuala Lumpur)
Abstract
Pada masa kini, kerajaan sedang berusaha membangunkan semula beberapa buah kawasan perumahan awam yang lama dan usang bagi memenuhi permintaan rumah yang semakin tinggi dan mendesak bagi penduduk terutama di kawasan bandar. Pembangunan semula yang dijalankan bagi memenuhi keperluan penduduk untuk meningkatkan kualiti hidup, persekitaran sihat keselamatan dan kehidupan yang kondusif. Namun pembangunan semula didapati telah memberi kesan negatif terhadap penduduk yang terlibat. Justeru itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis impak perubahan kualiti hidup penduduk terlibat kesan dari projek pembangunan semula yang dijalankan. Tiga faktor utama kualiti perumahan yang dinilai adalah faktor fizikal, sosioekonomi dan sosiobudaya. Pengumpulan data kajian ini adalah menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif melalui pengedaran borang soal selidik. Seramai 219 orang responden terdiri daripada penduduk yang terlibat dalam pembangunan semula di perumahan awam Razak Mansion, Kuala Lumpur telah dipilih melalui kaedah persampelan bukan kebarangkalian iaitu bertujuan dan teknik persampelan bola salji. Seterusnya, data dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS versi 28). Analisis kajian ini mendapati dua faktor utama yang memberi impak positif terhadap kualiti penduduk terlibat selepas pembangunan semula ialah faktor fizikal dan sosioekonomi berbanding dengan kualiti hidup mereka di kawasan perumahan lama. Faktor sosiobudaya pula menunjukkan perubahan yang negatif. Penduduk tidak berpuas hati dengan elemen seperti kejiranan, modal sosial dan budaya yang musnah akibat pembangunan semula. Implikasinya, dapatan kajian boleh membantu agensi kerajaan dan pihak berkepentingan dalam menggubal dasar-dasar berkait aspek impak pembangunan semula khususnya dari segi faktor sosiobudaya yang terkesan dan membina semula hubungan sosial yang musnah dengan program-program kemasyarakatan yang berkesan.
Kata kunci: Kesejahteraan sosial, kualiti hidup, kualiti perumahan, pembangunan, pembangunan semula, perumahan awam
The government is currently working to revitalise a few old and poor public housing complexes to meet rising and urgent demand for houses for residents, particularly in urban regions. Redevelopment conducted to fulfill the demands of the populace in order to enhance safety, a healthy environment, and a conducive way of life. Redevelopment, however, has been revealed to negatively affect local residents. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyse how the residents' quality of life has been impacted by the redevelopment project's adjustments. The physical, socioeconomic, and sociocultural aspects of housing quality are the three main factors that are evaluated. Through the dissemination of questionnaires, quantitative approaches will be used to collect data for this study. A purposive and snowball selection methodology, a non-probability sample method, was used to determine 219 respondents, who were residents involved in the redevelopment of Razak Mansion public housing in Kuala Lumpur. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences programme (SPSS version 28) was then used to analyse the data. Comparing the quality of life of the people involved in the redevelopment to that of the existing housing districts, the analysis of this study revealed that the two main factors that positively affect the quality of residents after redevelopment are physical and socioeconomic aspects. Sociocultural variables indicate unfavorable shifts. The way that neighborhoods, social capital, and culture have been impacted by redevelopment has outraged the residents. It is implied that the study's conclusions can assist government agencies and interested parties in developing policies concerning the effects of redevelopment, particularly with regard to the socio-cultural elements that are impacted and the rebuilding of broken social ties through effective community initiatives.
Keywords: Social well-being, quality of housing, quality of life, development, redevelopment, public housing
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