Pelaksanaan Amalan Pertanian Baik (GAP) dalam kalangan pesawah padi di Sekinchan, Sabak Bernam, Selangor (Implementation of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) among paddy farmers in Sekinchan, Sabak Bernam, Selangor)

Nurul Izzati Mohd Ali, Nur Illyani Ibrahim, Kadaruddin Aiyub, Saraswathy Kasavan

Abstract


Senario industri pertanian di seluruh dunia kini sedang beralih daripada pertanian konvensional kepada pertanian lestari. Amalan pertanian baik (GAP) telah diperkenalkan sebagai panduan dalam melaksanakan pertanian lestari yang mengambil kira kepentingan ekonomi, alam sekitar dan sosial dalam menghasilkan makanan yang berkualiti dan selamat dimakan. Kajian ini dijalankan di Sekinchan iaitu sebuah kawasan penanaman padi paling maju di negeri Selangor dengan keluasan keseluruhan 1857 hektar sawah padi. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menilai pelaksanaan Malaysian Good Agriculture Practice (MyGAP) di antara pesawah yang mempunyai pensijilan MyGAP dan tidak mempunyai MyGAP. Pada peringkat pertama, amalan pertanian baik telah dikenalpasti daripada analisis dokumen berdasarkan standard GAP di Malaysia. Pada peringkat kedua, mengisi senarai semak berdasarkan data yang diperoleh daripada pemerhatian dan temu bual dengan empat orang pesawah yang mempunyai sijil MyGAP dan empat orang tidak mempunyai sijil MyGAP. Hasil kajian mendapati amalan pertanian yang dilaksanakan oleh pesawah di kawasan kajian adalah pada tahap yang sederhana di mana hanya tiga daripada empat komponen GAP yang dilaksanakan dan melibatkan sembilan daripada 13 elemen GAP sahaja. Sumbangan kajian ini dapat dijadikan input kepada pihak-pihak berkepentingan untuk tujuan penambahbaikan dalam tatacara pengurusan pensijilan MyGAP ke arah mesra alam sekitar disamping memastikan penghasilan makanan yang berkualiti, sihat dan selamat dimakan.  

Kata kunci: elemen MyGAP, komponen MyGAP, MyGAP, pengurusan sawah, pertanian lestari, pertanian padi

The scenario of the agricultural industry around the world is now shifting from conventional agriculture to sustainable agriculture. Good agricultural practice (GAP) has been introduced as a guide in implementing sustainable agriculture which takes into account the importance of economy, environment and society in producing quality food that is safe to eat. This study was conducted in Sekinchan, a high-yielding paddy cultivation area with the highest production per hectare in Malaysia. This study aims to evaluate MyGAP (Malaysian Good Agriculture Practice) implementation among farmers who have MyGAP certification and without MyGAP certification. In the first stage, GAP have been identified from document analysis based on the standard of GAP in Malaysia. In the second stage, fill out the checklist based on data obtained from observations and interviews with four farmers who have MyGAP certification and four farmers without MyGAP certification. The findings show that agricultural practices carried out by paddy farmers in the study area are at moderate level where only three out of four components of GAP were implemented which consist nine out of the 13 GAP elements. The contribution of this study can be used as input to stakeholders for the purpose of improving the existing MyGAP certification management procedures towards environmental friendly besides producing quality, healthy, and safe to eat food.

Keywords: elements of MyGAP, components of MyGAP, MyGAP, paddy field management, sustainable agriculture, paddy farming


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