Kesan aktiviti pembangunan tanah terhadap kawasan punca pengambilan air di Cameron Highlands (Impacts of land development activities on water intake areas of Cameron Highlands)

Arno Sisun, Mariney Mohd Yusoff, Khairulmaini Osman Salleh

Abstract


Pembangunan guna tanah merupakan aspek penting dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi dan peningkatan tahap sosial masyarakat. Bagaimanapun, pembangunan guna tanah sering kali dikaitkan dengan kemerosotan sumber alam khususnya sumber air. Hal ini kerana aktiviti guna tanah yang dijalankan di kawasan tadahan air telah menyebabkan kesan negatif kepada kawasan punca pengambilan air. Sehubungan dengan itu, artikel ini akan menghujah bahawa aktiviti pembangunan guna tanah yang dijalankan dalam lingkungan kawasan punca pengambilan air memberi kesan negatif kepada kawasan dan kualiti air di Cameron Highlands. Kaedah kajian yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah analisis Sistem Maklumat Geografi (SMG) versi 10.1 yang melibatkan analisis pertindihan (overlay analysis) dan analisis tadahan air (watershed analysis) berdasarkan point based watershed analysis. Di samping itu, temu bual semi struktur, penggunaan data sekunder dan google earth turut digunakan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan aktiviti guna tanah di kawasan tadahan air telah menyebabkan kesan negatif terhadap kualiti air yang kemudiannya menyumbang kepada masalah pengeluaran dan pengagihan sumber bekalan air di kawasan tersebut.

Katakunci: Cameron Highlands, kawasan tadahan air, kualiti air, pembangunan guna tanah, punca pengambilan air, sumber bekalan air

Land development is indispensable for economic growth but it is often associated with deterioration of environmental resources, in particular, the degradation of water resources. When land development activities are carried out in sensitive watersheds they normally caused negative effects on the source of the water catchment area. This article illustrates these negative impacts of land development activities on the water catchment area of Malaysia’s Cameron Highlands. The method adopted is Geographic Information Systems (GIS) version 10.1, which involves point based overlay and watershed analysis, in addition to secondary and Google Earth data. The findings confirmed that land development activities in the catchment areas had affected local water quality which in turn created problems with respect to the production and distribution of water resources in Cameron Highlands.

Keywords: Cameron Highlands, land use development, water intake, water quality, watershed, water supply


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