Nilai tanah adat di Malaysia: Kajian perspektif Komuniti Bidayuh (The value of customary land in Malaysia: A perspective case study of the Bidayuh Community)

Zaimah Ramli, Azima Abdul Manaf, Sarmila Md Sum, Novel Lyndon, Sivapalan Selvadurai

Abstract


Tanah adat merupakan aset penting dan sangat bernilai kepada komuniti Bidayuh. Justeru, artikel ini cuba untuk memahami nilai terhadap tanah adat dan hubungannya ke atas ekonomi dan sosio-budaya daripada perspektif komuniti Bidayuh.Kajian dilaksanakan di Daerah Serian, Sarawak. Data dikutip menggunakan borang soal selidik yang turut disokong oleh temubual separa-struktur. Teknik persampelan yang digunakan adalah persampelan bertujuan. Seramai 70 pemilik tanah telah respon terhadap soal selidik yang diedarkan dan 10 orang komuniti Bidayuh ditemubual separa-struktur. Hasil kajian menunjukkan nilai terhadap tanah adat daripada perspektif komuniti Bidayauh dikelaskan kepada tiga, iaitu tanah sebagai identiti budaya, tanah sebagai kelangsungan warisan dan tanah sebagai sumber ekonomi. Ternyata tanah adat mempunyai hubungan langsung dengan ekonomi dan sosio-budaya komuniti Bidayuh.

Katakunci: identiti budaya, kelangsungan warisan, komuniti Bidayuh, nilai terhadap tanah, sumber ekonomi, tanah adat

Customary land forms an important and valuable asset to many a traditional community and as such crucial in the affairs of a country’s resource governance . This study sought to comprehend the real value of customary land from the perspective of Bidayuh community and its economic and social ramifications. Primary data were gathered from a field survey of 80 Bidayuh land owners in the District of Serian, Sarawak. The findings revealed a three tiered value of the Bidayuh customary land: land as the repository of ethnic cultural identity, land as heritage sustaining, and land as an economic resource. Thus the customary land forged direct links with the economic and socio-cultural aspects of the Bidayuh community.

Keywords: Bidayuh community, cultural identity, customary land, economic resources, heritage sustainability, value of land


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