Strategi dan Teknik Terjemahan Novel Arab dalam Kalangan Pelajar Universiti (Arabic Novel Translation Strategies and Techniques used among University Students)

Abstract

Strategi Pembelajaran Terjemahan (SPT) ini agak tersisih daripada arus pendekatan komunikatif dalam kurikulum bahasa Arab, namun para sarjana mengakui ia adalah strategi dominan yang diperlukan terutama kepada pelajar bahasa ketiga yang masih di peringkat keupayaan yang sederhana. Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti tahap penggunaan strategi terjemahan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab secara keseluruhan dan mengikut klasifikasi secara spesifik, dan mengkategori jenis teknik terjemahan novel Arab dalam kalangan pelajar. Data kajian dikumpul daripada dua sumber iaitu dengan menggunakan soal selidik dan tugasan terjemahan novel adaptasi Arab yang berjudul ‘ "مغامرات توم سوير (Pengembaraan Tom Sawyer). Kajian ini melibatkan 129 pelajar jurusan Bahasa Arab di peringkat sarjana muda di dua buah universiti awam. Manakala kajian terjemahan novel Arab pula melibatkan 40 orang pelajar. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa tahap penggunaan Strategi Pembelajaran Terjemahan secara keseluruhan dalam kalangan pelajar universiti awam berada pada tahap penggunaan yang sederhana. Kajian juga menunjukkan terdapat dua kategori strategi pembelajaran terjemahan berada pada tahap sederhana, iaitu strategi terjemahan menulis dan strategi terjemahan campuran. Manakala tiga kategori lain berada pada tahap penggunaan yang rendah, iaitu strategi terjemahan membaca, strategi terjemahan bertutur dan strategi terjemahan mendengar. Teknik terjemahan novel Arab pula mendapati 130 jenis teknik terjemahan yang diklasifikasikan kepada enam jenis kumpulan di mana kajian mendapati jenis teknik  terjemahan calque adalah mendominasi. Kajian ini melihat bahawa SPT perlu dimanfaatkan dalam ketika berdepan dengan pelajar dari pelbagai aras agar bersesuaian dengan keupayaan bahasa.

Kata Kunci: Strategi Pembelajaran Terjemahan (SPT); teknik terjemahan; terjemahan novel; pembelajaran Bahasa Arab; bahasa ketiga

ABSTRACT

Translation Learning Strategy (SPT) is somewhat excluded from the communicative approach in the Arabic Language curriculum, however many scholars acknowledge that it is a dominant strategy which is critically needed especially by the third language students who are still at the moderate level. The study aims to; 1) identify the level of translation learning strategies used in the Arabic language learning as a whole, and according to the SPT classification in particular, and 2) categorize the types of translation techniques used by the students in the translation of Arabic novels. The data was collected using a questionnaire and  translated work of an Arabic novel entitled “. "مغامرات توم سوير (Pengembaraan Tom Sawyer). A total of 129 undergraduates in an Arabic language degree program in public university participated. On the other hand, study on the translation of Arabic novel involved 40 students. The findings show that the overall use of translation learning strategies among university students was at moderate level. The study also shows that there were two categories of translation learning strategies used at moderate level which were translation writing strategy and mixed translation strategy. While the other three categories which were found to be at the low level were the translation reading strategy, translation speaking strategy  and translation listening strategy. The Arabic novel translation technique found 130 types of translation techniques that were classified into six groups, in which the calque translation technique was dominant. This study concludes that SPT needs to be used with students from various levels to suit the different language abilities.

Keywords: Translation Learning Strategy (SPT), translation techniques, novel translation; Arabic language learning, third Language