Keretakan Komunikasi dan Implikasinya terhadap Pembubaran Perkahwinan Pasangan Muslim (Communication Breakdown and Its Implications for the Dissolution of Muslim Marriages)

Abstract

Komunikasi merupakan asas penting dalam pembinaan dan kelangsungan institusi perkahwinan. Hubungan yang harmoni terbentuk apabila pasangan mampu meluahkan perasaan, memahami antara satu sama lain serta menyelesaikan konflik secara matang. Namun, laporan terkini menunjukkan kegagalan komunikasi menjadi faktor utama keretakan rumah tangga, khususnya dalam kalangan pasangan muda. Artikel ini bertujuan mengenal pasti pola komunikasi yang menyumbang kepada pembubaran perkahwinan berdasarkan pandangan lapan orang pakar dalam bidang kekeluargaan Islam. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui temu bual separa berstruktur dan dianalisis menggunakan kaedah analisis tematik. Informan terdiri daripada kaunselor, pegawai agama, ahli akademik, pengamal undang-undang dan pendakwah yang berpengalaman mengendalikan kes rumah tangga. Dapatan kajian menonjolkan lima bentuk komunikasi destruktif yang berulang dalam hubungan pasangan iaitu pengunduran emosi (stonewalling), sarkasme, keengganan berkomunikasi, kekurangan komunikasi dan gangguan teknologi komunikasi. Corak komunikasi ini bukan sahaja menjarakkan pasangan secara emosi tetapi juga mendorong kepada perceraian secara berperingkat. Kajian ini terhad kepada perspektif pakar, justeru kajian lanjutan boleh mempertimbangkan pengalaman langsung pasangan bermasalah untuk memperluas kefahaman. Implikasi praktikal hasil kajian ini amat penting bagi agensi kerajaan, institusi keluarga Islam dan pembangun modul pra perkahwinan, khususnya dalam merangka strategi pencegahan perceraian yang menekankan pemulihan komunikasi dan sokongan emosi dalam rumah tangga.

Abstract: Communication is a crucial foundation for the establishment and sustainability of marriage. Harmonious relationships are nurtured when spouses are able to express emotions, understand each other, and resolve conflicts with maturity. However, recent reports indicate that communication breakdowns have become a major factor contributing to marital dissolution, particularly among young couples. This study aims to identify destructive communication patterns that lead to relationship breakdown, based on the perspectives of eight experts in Islamic family studies. A qualitative approach was employed through semi-structured interviews, and the data were analyzed thematically. The informants consisted of counsellors, religious officers, academics, legal practitioners, and preachers with extensive experience in handling marital issues. The findings reveal five recurring destructive patterns: emotional withdrawal (stonewalling), sarcasm, unwillingness to communicate, lack of meaningful interaction, and technoference (interference from communication technology). These patterns not only create emotional distance but also contribute to gradual marital breakdown. The study is limited to expert perspectives; therefore, future research may incorporate the lived experiences of troubled couples to provide a more comprehensive understanding. The practical implications are highly relevant for government agencies, Islamic family institutions, and premarital programme developers, particularly in designing preventive strategies and counselling modules that emphasize communication restoration, emotional support, and marital resilience.

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