Gaya Kepimpinan Transformasi Dan Transaksi Terhadap Komitmen Organisasi Konteks Berkepatuhan Tinggi

Abstract

Komitmen organisasi adalah dijangka dipengaruhi oleh gaya kepimpinan organisasi.  Hal demikian kerana kepimpinan memberi arah tuju dan mempengaruhi ahli organisasi untuk bergerak mencapai sesuatu objektif kolektif.  Dalam konteks organisasi berkepatuhan tinggi seperti Polis Diraja Malaysia (PDRM), gaya kepimpinan dijangka memberi pengaruh lebih kuat terhadap tingkah laku kerja ahli termasuk komitmen organisasi.  Justeru kajian ini bertujuan menganalisa pengaruh gaya kepimpinan jenis transformasi dan transaksi terhadap komitmen organisasi anggota polis berpangkat rendah dalam PDRM.   Kajian ini telah menggunakan rekabentuk kajian kuantitatif yang berasaskan teknik survei.  Soalselidik telah diedarkan kepada 226 responden daripada kalangan anggota polis berpangkat rendah yang terlibat dalam tugas pencegahan jenayah dan penguatkuasaan di Ibu Pejabat Polis dalam salah sebuah daerah di Selangor.  Sampel kajian telah dipilih menggunakan teknik persampelan rawak mudah dan terdiri daripada anggota berpangkat Sub Inspketor, Sarjan Major, Sarjan, Koperal, Lans Koperal dan Konstabel.  Analisis Regresi Berganda telah digunakan bagi menguji pengaruh antara pembolehubah dalam kerangka kajian.  Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya kepimpinan transformasi dan gaya kepimpinan transaksi dengan komitmen organisasi anggota. Sehubungan itu gaya kepimpinan transformasi dan transaksi merupakan gaya kepimpinan penting yang mempengaruhi komitmen organisasi anggota polis berpangkat rendah. Dapatan kajian selanjutnya menunjukan bahawa gaya kepimpinan transformasi mempunyai kesan yang lebih positif dan dominan dalam menyumbang kepada komitmen organisasi yang lebih tinggi berbanding gaya kepimpinan transaksi.

Kata kunci: kepimpinan transformasi, kepimpinan transaksi, komitmen organisasi, polis, tingkahlaku kerja

Abstract: Organizational commitment is posited to be influenced by organizations’ leadership styles. This is due to leadership provides guidance and influence the organizations’ members to move towards attaining the collective objectives. Within the context of a high compliance organizations such as the Royal Malaysia Police (PDRM, leadership style is expected to imposed stronger influence on the members’ work behaviors including the organizational commitment. Thus, this study aims to analyse the effect of transformational and transactional leadership styles on the organizational commitment of the lower rank police officers in the PDRM. The study employs quantitative research design which based on the survey technique. Questionnaires are distributed to 226 respondents among the lower rank police officers who are involved in the crime prevention and enforcement task in the Police Headquarters in one of the districts in Selangor. The study sample has been selected through the random sampling technique and consist of members from the Sub Inspector, Sargent Major, Sargent, Corporal, Lans Corporal and Constable ranks. The Multiple Regression analysis is used to test the influence between variables in the study framework. The study findings show a significant relationship between the transformation and transactional leadership style with the members’ organizational commitment. As a result, transformational and transactional leadership styles are essential leadership styles that have influence on the lower rank police officers’ organizational commitment. The study result further indicates transformational leadership styles has more positive influence and dominance in contributing to higher level of organizational commitment compared to the transactional leadership style.

Keyword: transformational leadership, transactional leadership, organization commitment, Police, work behavior

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