Meneroka Sektor Informal dalam Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal: Suatu Penelitian terhadap Golongan Pengutip Sampah

Siti Khatijah Zamhari, Ahmad Fariz Mohamed

Abstract


Penglibatan golongan pengutip sampah dalam sektor informal pengurusan sisa pepejal kian mendapat perhatian dunia berikutan sumbangan golongan ini dalam menguruskan sisa pembandaran dengan cekap, berkesan dan lestari. Golongan pengutip sampah merupakan antara pekerja sektor informal yang wujud di kawasan-kawasan bandar. Persoalannya, apakah tanggungjawab mereka dalam sistem pengurusan sisa pepejal sedia ada? dan bagaimanakah pekerja sektor informal ini dapat membantu dalam kelestarian pengurusan sisa pepejal? Dalam meneliti tanggungjawab cabaran dan sumbangan sektor informal dalam pengurusan sisa pepejal, kaedah exploratory literature review digunakan untuk menganalisis dokumen atau kesusasteraan yang berkaitan dengan sektor informal dalam pengurusan sisa pepejal. Dapatan analisis mendapati bahawa sistem pengurusan sisa pepejal sedia ada perlu memberi pertimbangan untuk mengintegrasikan sektor informal ini dalam sistem pengurusan sisa pepejal sedia ada supaya lebih bersifat inklusif dan lestari. Walaupun golongan pengutip sampah ini menghadapi pelbagai diskriminasi dan risiko, usaha dan aktiviti yang dijalankan harus mendapat pengiktirafan sebagai suatu pekerjaan dengan menyediakan pelbagai kemudahan dan inisiatif pekerjaan kepada golongan tersebut. Pembentukan koperasi dalam komuniti pengutip sampah misalnya ini telah terbukti dalam mengurangkan diskriminasi dan eksploitasi terhadap golongan pengutip sampah ini. Oleh itu, sudah tiba masanya pihak berkuasa tempatan, sektor swasta, masyarakat dan pengusaha perniagaan menyokong dan mengiktiraf sumbangan golongan pengutip sampah ini kerana usaha golongan ini telah memberikan impak yang positif ke atas pembangunan lestari, pembasmian kemiskinan dan perlindungan terhadap alam sekitar.

Kata kunci: pengutip sampah, sektor informal, pengurusan sisa pepejal, kitar semula, lestari

Abstract: The generation of solid waste has been increase tremendously and it has been identified as one factor that contribute to the world’s environmental problem. Waste pickers has been known for providing solid waste collection in various cities around the world and make an important economic contribution in reducing the burden of waste management. They are the informal workers in the solid waste sector that achieved higher recycling waste than the formal recycling system in many cities of the developing world. This paper aims to analyze the categories of waste pickers and their role in contributing to sustainable solid waste management and examine the challenges faced by these waste pickers. In this paper, a review was carried out to characterize and critically analyze the published literature on waste pickers in terms of their characteristics, contributions and challenges. The analysis of this paper proposed for re-thinking of solid waste management systems by integrating waste pickers into formal waste management program for more inclusive and sustainable solid waste management. Waste pickers have been fighting for their activities to be supported and recognized as an occupation as well as improving their working condition. The formation of waste picker cooperative might end their discrimination and exploitation. Therefore, it is about time for the local authorities, private sector, non-governmental organization as well as business operators to support and recognize the contributions made by these waste pickers which can result in sustainable development, poverty alleviation and environmental protection.

Keywords: waste picker, informal sector, waste management, recycling, sustainable


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/ebangi.2022.1907.01

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