METAFORA KONSEPSI DAN SKEMA IMEJ SEBAGAI CERMINAN PEMIKIRAN DAN KEHIDUPAN ORANG MELAYU (Conceptual Metaphor and Schematic Image as a Reflection of Malay Thoughts and Life)

Nirwana Sudirman, Zulkifley Hamid, Masitah Mad Daud, Nik Zulaiha Zakaria

Abstract


Bahasa Melayu adalah cerminan pemikiran dan kehidupan orang Melayu. Pelbagai unsur kebahasaan bahasa Melayu jelas menggambarkan pelbagai aspek pemikiran dan kehidupan orang Melayu. Kajian ini telah dilakukan untuk melihat perenggu minda orang Melayu sebagaimana yang terpancar dalam pantun Melayu. Data kajian adalah berdasarkan pantun Melayu yang termuat dalam buku Kurik Kundi Merah Saga (2013) terbitan Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP). Dalam kajian ini, penyelidik menggunakan kaedah penganalisisan teks. Daripada 5653 buah pantun yang terdapat dalam buku ini pengkaji telah memilih 110 pantun berdasarkan pengkategorian yang telah dibuat oleh penulis/penerbit buku ini. Dalam kajian ini, pengkaji menggunakan Teori Semantik Kognitif yang dicadangkan oleh George Lakoff dan Mark Johnson (1980) sebagai landasan kajian. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan pemikiran Melayu amat terpengaruh oleh alam sekeliling iaitu alam fauna dan alam flora yang melatari kehidupan orang Melayu. Konsep berguru kepada alam jelas tercermin dalam penciptaan pantun Melayu. Dalam pantun yang dikaji, terdapat pelbagai metafora yang jelas menggambarkan perenggu minda orang Melayu tentang kasih sayang, adat, kiasan, nasihat, perantauan, jenaka, peribahasa, budi, agama, kepahlawanan dan juga perniagaan.   Berdasarkan dapatan kajian ini,  terdapat  tiga  jenis  metafora  konsepsi  yang  dikesan  hadir  dalam  pantun  Kurik  Kundi  Merah  Saga, iaitu metafora  ontologi,  orientasi  dan  struktural.  Jelas kepada kita  bahawa  penciptaan  pantun dengan  pemikiran  Melayu  adalah  saling  terkait. Dapatan kajian ini membolehkan kita untuk lebih memahami perenggu minda orang Melayu yang telah diwarisi sejak zaman berzaman, dan tidak banyak berubah.

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Malay language is a reflection of the thoughts and lives of the Malays. Various linguistic elements in Malay clearly illustrate the various aspects of thought and life of Malay people. This study was conducted to analyze the mindset of the Malays as reflected in Malay poems, known as pantun. This study is based on the data contained in the Malay pantun book, entitled Kurik Kundi Merah Saga (2013) published by Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP). In this study, researchers had applied textual analysis as the main methodology. Out of 5653 pieces of pantun contained in this book, the researchers have selected 110 pantun based on the categorization made by the author/publisher of the book. Researchers had used Cognitive Semantic Theory proposed by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson (1980) specifically as a theoretical framework for this study. The results had indicated that the Malay thinking was highly influenced by their natural surroundings that closely related to flora and fauna; which played an important role in their daily life activities. The concept of learning from the nature is clearly reflected in the creation of Malay pantun. Results had also shown that in the pantuns that were focused in this study, there were many metaphors that had clearly illustrated the Malay mindsets which talked about love, traditions, advices, travelling, jokes, proverbs, wisdom, faith, heroism and economy. Based on these findings, there are three types of conceptual metaphors which were detected present in Kurik Kundi Merah Saga, the metaphor of ontology, orientation and structural. It is clear to us that the creation of pantuns and the mindset of the Malays are interrelated. It is a hoped that the findings of this study will allow us to better understand the mindsets of the Malays which have not undergone much change throughout the time.

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eISSN 1823-884x

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Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
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