The Relationship between Attitude, Intention, and Entrepreneurship Career Choice among Malaysian Indian Undergraduates (Hubungan Sikap, Keinginan, dan Pemilihan Kerjaya Keusahawanan dalam Kalangan Prasiswazah India Malaysia)

Ravi Nagarathanam, Nor Aishah Buang

Abstract


Entrepreneurship involves processes of starting and managing a venture and business of a company or organization. The entrepreneurs are responsible in developing their own business plan, acquire human and other available resources. Entrepreneurship is an essential field for a nation’s economic development because it creates job opportunities and brings wealth to the people. Despite being fanned around the globe, entrepreneurship is taken lightly in Malaysia especially among the Indian graduates. In order to highlight this problem, this study was designed to identify the relationship between attitude and intention towards an entrepreneurial career choice among the Indian undergraduates. A total of 315 Indian undergraduates from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, and Infrastructure University Kuala Lumpur were selected as respondents for this study. In this survey method study, a set of questionnaires were distributed online to the respondents and data obtained were analyzed using descriptive, regression, and ran using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software version 19.0. The findings show that, intention is highly correlated with an entrepreneurship career choice (r=0.854) while attitude possessed milder effects with a moderate correlation (r=0.510) at a significant level of 0.05. These findings suggest that attitude and intention influence an entrepreneurship career choice. Education is well known in contributing to attitude and intention development. Attitude and intention at higher education institutions are very important in predicting students to choose entrepreneurship as a career. Thus, education is a powerful tool to enhance attitude and intention in favor of choosing entrepreneurship as a career.

Keywords: Attitude; intention; entrepreneurship; Indian undergraduates; career choice

 

ABSTRAK

Keusahawanan melibatkan proses memulakan dan menguruskan usaha dan perniagaan syarikat atau organisasi. Usahawan bertanggungjawab dalam membangunkan pelan perniagaan mereka sendiri, memperoleh sumber manusia dan sumber-sumber lain yang ada. Keusahawanan adalah satu bidang yang penting untuk pembangunan ekonomi negara kerana ia mewujudkan peluang pekerjaan dan membawa kekayaan kepada rakyat. Walaupun mengipasi di seluruh dunia, keusahawanan diambil ringan di Malaysia terutamanya dalam kalangan graduan India. Dalam usaha untuk mengetengahkan masalah ini, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti hubungan antara sikap dan niat ke arah pilihan kerjaya keusahawanan dalam kalangan mahasiswa India. Seramai 315 pelajar India dari Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Universiti Tenaga Nasional dan Universiti Infrastruktur Kuala Lumpur telah dipilih sebagai responden kajian ini. Dalam kajian ini kaedah tinjauan iaitu satu set soal selidik telah diedarkan secara atas talian kepada responden dan data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan perisian Pakej Statistik untuk Sains Sosial (SPSS) dengan melakukan analisis deskriptif dan regresi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa, niat mempunyai hubungan yang kuat dengan pilihan kerjaya keusahawanan (r=0.854) manakala sikap mempunyai hubungan yang sederhana (r=0.510) pada peringkat signifikan 0.05. Penemuan ini menunjukkan sikap dan keinginan mempengaruhi pilihan kerjaya keusahawanan dalam kalangan prasiswazah India. Pendidikan merupakan penyumbang kepada pembangunan sikap dan niat. Sikap dan keinginan di institusi pengajian tinggi adalah sangat penting dalam meramalkan pelajar untuk memilih keusahawanan sebagai kerjaya. Oleh itu, pendidikan adalah alat yang ampuh untuk meningkatkan sikap dan keinginan dalam memilih keusahawanan sebagai kerjaya.

Kata kunci: Sikap; keinginan; keusahawanan; prasiswazah India; pemilihan kerjaya


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