Pelaksanaan Pendekatan Bersepadu untuk Melindungi Alam Sekitar dan Kesejahteraan Komuniti di Langkawi Geopark (Implementation of Integrated Approaches for Environmental Protection and Community Well-being in Langkawi Geopark)

Mazlin Mokhtar (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, mazlin@ukm.my), Goh Choo Ta (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, gohchoota@ukm.my), Salina Yahya (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, ina_geos@yahoo.com), Elmira Shamshiry (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, ele_shame19@yahoo.com)

Abstract


This article puts forth three approaches that will help protect the environment of Langkawi Geopark to ensure community well-being. The three approaches discussed herein are: (1) integrated water resources management (IWRM), (2) integrated chemicals management (ICM), and (3) integrated solid waste management (ISWM). These approaches are discussed and recommended to safeguard the environment for the sake of community well-being including the local population and tourists to Langkawi Geopark as part efforts to fulfill the aspirations of sustainable development. Sustainability of all forms of life including humans is hoped to be attained through the harmonisation of the human system with the ecological system. This would require, among others, the wise utilisation of resources without degrading the environment so that future generations could also develop sustainably via similar or better ways. In this research on environmental and community well-being, and sources of livelihood, secondary data were collected from various documents prepared by the different stakeholders with specific responsibilities and play important roles on issues related to the development, conservation and protection of Langkawi Geopark. Approaches designed based on the findings of this research are implemented within the context of Langkawi Geopark and its position as the Jewel of Kedah State. Also, within the context of Langkawi island as a special tourism destination in Malaysia and Southeast Asia, that has also been the focus of various economic development activities with the objective to improve the quality of life of affected communities, without degrading the environment.

Keywords: Integrated research, IWRM, ICM, ISWM, Langkawi, Geopark

ABSTRAK

Tiga pendekatan yang bersepadu disaran dan dibincangkan di dalam makalah ini untuk melindungi alam sekitar di Langkawi Geopark demi kesejahteraan komuniti, iaitu (1) pengurusan sumber air bersepadu (IWRM), (2) pengurusan sisa pepejal bersepadu (ISWM), dan (3) pengurusan bahan kimia bersepadu (ICM). Tiga pendekatan tersebut dilihat sebagai anjakan pendekatan pemuliharaan dan perlindungan alam sekitar demi kesejahteraan komuniti tempatan dan para pelawat ke Langkawi Geopark. Ini dipercayai akan membantu usaha untuk memenuhi aspirasi setempat dan sejagat, iaitu untuk mencapai tahap pembangunan yang lestari. Kelestarian semua bentuk hidupan termasuk manusia diharap boleh dicapai melalui pendekatan yang mempastikan keharmonian antara sistem manusia dengan sistem alam tabii. Ini bermakna sumber asli mesti digunakan secara berhemah dan bijaksana tanpa menjejaskan kualiti alam sekeliling, agar dapat memanfaatkan generasi semasa dan yang akan datang. Kajian mengenai kesejahteraan alam sekitar, komuniti dan sumber penghidupan ini melibatkan kerja pengumpulan data sekunder daripada pelbagai dokumen yang diperolehi daripada pelbagai pihak berkepentingan yang dipertanggungjawab dalam mentadbir urus atau mempunyai kepentingan dalam perkara-perkara berkaitan pembangunan, pemuliharaan dan perlindungan Langkawi Geopark. Pendekatan yang dibentuk hasil kajian ini dilaksanakan dalam konteks Langkawi Geopark dan kedudukan pulau ini sebagai Permata Negeri Kedah Darul Aman. Juga, dalam konteks pulau Langkawi sebagai destinasi pelancongan ulung di Malaysia dan Asia Tenggara, yang turut menjadi tumpuan pelbagai aktiviti pembangunan ekonomi bertujuan meningkatkan kualiti hidup semua komuniti terbabit tanpa merosakkan alam sekeliling.

Kata kunci: Penyelidikan bersepadu, IWRM, ISWM, ICM, Langkawi, Geopark


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