Reading Harriet Martineau in the Context of Social Thought and Social Theory

VINEETA SINHA (National University of Singapore, socvs@nus.edu.sg)

Abstract


The recorded historiography of the social sciences is steeped in androcentrism. It exclusively remembers, canonizes and lists contributions by male scholars. This mode of recalling, by and large renders invisible contributions by women thinkers in the history of ideas. In this paper I document the experience of introducing the works and contributions of Harriet Martineau (1802-1876), known to very few as the 'first woman sociologist', alongside the writings of Marx, Weber and Durkheim, to a class of undergraduates. I see this introduction as a powerful strategy for the recovery, and righful location of women thinkers and analysts in narrating any history of the social sciences. Through the themes of androcentrism, 'female invisibility', multiplicity and difference, I also address the discourse on indigenisation in the social sciences. The latter, although it has rightly highlighted the biases and distortions in the practice of mainstream social science, has yet to place the issue of androcentrism on its agenda, a stance that makes it more similar to, rather than different from, mainstream social science theorising.

Key words: Harriet Martineau, women thinkers, androcentric social science, female invisibility, indigenisation

ABSTRAK

Rekod historiografi sains sosial penuh dengan androsentrisme. Rekod ini secara eksklusif mengingati, mengkeramatkan dan menyenaraikan sumbangan sarjana lelaki. Kaedah mengingati semula ini secara umumnya menyebabkan sumbangan pemikir wanita tidak kelihatan dalam sejarah idea. Dalam makalah ini, penulis mendokumenkan pengalaman sendiri dalam usaha memperkenalkan kepada para pelajar karya dun sumbangan Harriet Martineau (1802-1876), yang dikenali di kalangan segolongan kecil sebagai 'ahli sosiologi wanita yang pertama setanding dengan Marx, Weberdon Durkheim. Penulis melihat pengalaman ini sebagai satu strategi yang sangat berkesan untuk mendapatkun semula dan menempatkan pemikir dan penganalisis wanita dalam pengkisahan sejarah sains sosial. Menerusi tema adrosentrisme, ketidak lihatan pemikir wanita, kepelbagaian dan perbezaan, penulis juga telah membicarakan tentang wacana pemperibumian dalam sains sosial. Sungguhpun wacana ini telah berjaya mendedahkan kewujudan bias dan putar belit dalam amalan sains sosial arus perdana, namun ia masih perlu memasukkan isu androsentrisme dalam agendanya. Hal ini merupakan satu pendirian yang menyebabkan ia menjadi semakin serupa, bukannya berbeza daripada usaha membina teori yang terdapat dalam sains sosial arus perdana.

Kata kunci: Harriet Martineau, pemikir wanita, androsentrisme dalam sains sosial, ketidaklihatan wanita, pemperibumian


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