Structural Violence and Colonial Oppression in Shahnaz Bashir’s Scattered Souls

Ishrat Bashir

Abstract


This paper aims to analyse the concept of structural violence and its implications for people as depicted in Scattered Souls. Galtung’s concept of Structural violence and its distinction from other types of violence provides a useful framework to examine and understand the complexity of the representation of violence and socio-political relations. According to Galtung, structural violence refers to the indirect violence inherent in dominant social structures like systemic discrimination based on race, ethnicity, religion, and gender, which create conditions of disadvantage for underprivileged and oppressed people. This paper aims to analyse how the conventional focus on visible violence in Scattered Souls leads to the invisibility and oblivion of implicit or structural violence. This paper endeavours to use Galtung's and Žižek's categorisation of violence as a conceptual tool to understand the impact of violence at the deeper levels. It further seeks to examine the ways in which structural violence deteriorates the lives of people, bolsters the direct violence of occupation, and diminishes the possible impact of resisting oppression.

 

Keywords: Kashmir; structural violence; oppression; Scattered Souls; Galtung


Full Text:

PDF

References


Abbas, G., & Malik, M. A. (2023). Exploring Identity in Kashmiri Trauma Narratives: A study Of "The Half Mother" by Shahnaz Bashir. Pakistan Languages and Humanities Review, 7(1), 524–537. https://doi.org/10.47205/plhr.2023(7-I)46

Ahsan, M. (2020). The collaborator, a mirror of Indian hegemony over Kashmiri Muslims: A post-colonial study. Al-Aijaz Research Journal of Islamic Studies & Humanities, 4(1), 161-170. https://doi.org/10.53575/E15.v4.01.161-170

Amnesty International. (2010). Lawless law. https://www.amnestyusa.org/updates/a-lawless-law/

Arendt, H. (1968). Men in dark times. Harcourt Brace.

Arendt, H. (1998). The human condition. University of Chicago.

Armstrong, N., & Tennenhouse, L. (1989). Introduction: Representing violence or “how the west was one”. In N. Armstrong and L. Tennenhouse (Eds.), The violence of representation: Literature and history of violence, (pp. 1-28). Routledge.

Bal, M. (2009). Narratology: Introduction to the theory of narrative. University of Toronto Press.

Baldwin, J. (1980). Notes on the house of bondage.” The Nation.

Bashir, S. (2016). Scattered souls. Harper Collins.

Bharat, M. (2013). The english novel and terrorism. India International Centre Quarterly, 40(2), 79-90.

Brownmiller, S. (1975). Against our will: Men, women and rape. Fawcett Columbine.

Butler, J. (2004). Precarious Life: The power of mourning and violence. Verso.

Caroll, J. (2014). Violence in literature: An evolutionary perspective. In T. K. Shackelford & R. D. Hansen (Eds.), The evolution of violence, (pp. 33-52). Springer.

Duschinski, H. (2009). Destiny effects: Militarisation, state power, and punitive containment in Kashmir valley. Anthropological Quarterly, 82(4), 601-718.

Duschinski, H., & Ghosh, S. N. (2023). The writ of liberty in the courts of Kashmir. In M.

Bhan, H. Duschinski and D. Misri (Eds.), Routledge-Handbook-of-Critical-Kashmir Studies, (pp. 115-126). Routledge.

Galtung, J. (1968). Peace. In Sills, D. L. (ed.) International encyclopedia of the social sciences, 11, (pp. 487–496). Macmillan.

Galtung, J. (1969). Violence, peace, and peace research. Journal of Peace Research 6(3), 167–191.

Galtung, J. (1990). Cultural violence. Journal of Peace Research, 27(3), 291–305.

Khalid, A., Rehman, F., Saddique, Z., Ruqaiya, U., & Ilyas, M. Z. (2023). Relinking structural violence: Social discrimination in Mohsin Hamid’s The Reluctant Fundamentalist. Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences, 10, 250-263. https://doi.org/10.17762/sfs.v10i2S.1519

McCarthy, P. (2007). Peace and the arts. In C. Webel and J. Galtung (Ed.), Handbook of peace and conflict studies, (pp. 355-366). Routledge.

Misri, D. (2014). Beyond partition: Gender, violence and representation in postcolonial India. University of Illinois Press.

Norris, C. (1982). Deconstruction: Theory and practice. Methuen.

Peer, B. (2009). Curfewed night. Random House India.

Rana, N. (2021). Shahnaz Bashir’s The half mother: A critical analysis. Literary Herald, 6(5), 200 - 211.

Raza, A., Rashid, S., & Malik, S. (2022). Cultural violence and gender identities: A feminist post-structural discourse analysis of This House of Clay and Water, 3L: Language, Linguistics, Literature® The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 28(4), 124-136. http://doi.org/10.17576/3L-2022-2804-09

Said, E. W. (2007). On the university. In F.J. Ghazoul (Ed.), Edward Said and critical decolonisation, (pp. 26-36). American University in Cairo Press.

Seifert, R. (1996). The second front: The logic of sexual violence in wars. Women's Studies International Forum, 19, 35-43.

Whitehead, A. N. (2018). The rise and fall of new Kashmir. In C. Zutshi, (ed.) Kashmir: History, politics, representation, (pp. 70–88). Cambridge University Press.

Žižek, S. (2008). Violence. Picador.

Zutshi, C. (2019). Kashmir. Oxford.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/3L-2024-3004-09

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


 

 

 

eISSN : 2550-2247

ISSN : 0128-5157

https://jurnal.unikal.ac.id/

SITUS TOTO

Toto 4D

SLOT GACOR

SLOT GACOR

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

SLOT88

NANA4D

SLOT88

SLOT88

SITUS TOTO

SITUS TOTO

https://choicemg.com/

Untuk artikel-artikel serupa dan berbagai topik menarik lainnya, silakan eksplorasi lebih lanjut di Angkerzone.com.

Committed to creating a positive impact beyond returns, Barito Renewables integrates ESG principles into its core business objectives. They prioritize public health, safety, and community respect while making critical investments in clean energy. More about their ESG approach can be found at baritorenewables.org.

PT Pantai Indah Kapuk Dua, Tbk (PANI) adalah pengembang properti terkemuka di Indonesia yang berkomitmen menghadirkan inovasi cemerlang dan mengoptimalkan sumber daya untuk menciptakan keunggulan kompetitif bagi para pemangku kepentingan. Informasi lebih lanjut mengenai visi korporasi mereka dapat diakses di pantaiindahkapukdua.org.

Commuter Indonesia menghadirkan layanan transportasi kereta api yang terintegrasi untuk mendukung mobilitas berkualitas bagi para pengguna. Informasi lengkap mengenai jadwal, tarif, dan rute perjalanan KRL dapat diakses di situs resmi mereka: commuterindonesia.org.

Informasi Publik

PANI First Quarter 2023

Becoming leading property developer in Indonesia with brilliant innovations to optimize our resources into competitive advantange in order to restore back to stakeholders

Board - of Director

History · PT Pantai Indah Kapuk Dua, Tbk · Office · Recent News. Ada Update dari PIK2 (PANI), Aguan Turut Buka Suara. Emiten Agung Sedayu dan Salim Grup

Nomination & Remuneration Committee Member

Audit Committee Members

Vision & Mission

Projects

Bizpark PIK 2

Event

Internal Audit Members

Soho Riverside Boulevard

Environment

Prospectus

Barito Renewables: Penawaran Saham Perdana

Keterbukaan Informasi

Information Disclosure

Harga Saham

Struktur Organisasi

3M-2026 Financial Performance Results

https://kaiwisata.org/

https://www.tugureasuransi.com/

diponegorouniversity.com

https://bandunginstitute.com/

Website resmi KAI Commuter

Commuter Advertising

Pemesanan tiket juga dapat dilakukan melalui Aplikasi Access by KAI (yang juga dapat diakses untuk layanan kereta api bandara oleh KAI Bandara ) dan situs resmi pemesanan tiket oleh KAI Commuter. Metode pembayaran yang tersedia pada https://airport-train.commuterindonesia.org/

Temukan beragam jurnal ilmiah terakreditasi dan terindeks internasional yang mendukung transisi energi dan pembangunan berkelanjutan di Indonesia melalui Portal Jurnal Barito Renewables.

Jelajahi publikasi akses terbuka dari berbagai disiplin ilmu, mulai dari pendidikan bahasa hingga energi panas bumi, yang dikelola dalam satu platform terintegrasi di Barito Renewables Journal Platform.

Dukung riset dan inovasi menuju target emisi nol bersih Indonesia dengan mengakses kumpulan jurnal berkualitas tinggi yang tersedia di Jurnal & Publikasi Barito Renewables.

Tempat terbaik untuk menemukan penelitian terbaru tentang energi terbarukan, pendidikan, dan ilmu sosial, yang dikurasi dalam portal jurnal profesional dari Barito Renewables Open Journal System.

Jelajahi kumpulan jurnal akademik yang berkomitmen pada penyebaran penelitian dan kreasi artistik, berdasarkan prinsip dan nilai humanisme, di Portal de Revistas TempoSCAN.

Temukan publikasi ilmiah dari berbagai disiplin ilmu yang mendorong refleksi kritis dan peningkatan pengajaran berkelanjutan, hanya di Portal Jurnal TempoSCAN.

Portal resmi untuk mengakses produksi pengetahuan dan karya analitis dari komunitas akademik dan seni nasional maupun internasional, dikelola oleh TempoSCAN Academic Journals.

Wadah publikasi yang bergantung pada Direktorat Riset dan Pascasarjana, menyediakan akses terbuka ke jurnal-jurnal unggulan di TempoSCAN Journal Portal.

Dilansir dari laman resmi rekrutmen KAI, berikut persyaratan atau kriteria pelamar yang wajib dipenuhi untuk mendaftar lowongan kerja KAI 2026

BINUS UNIVERSITY

Portal Kaiwisata

HRIS Frontliner | KAI Wisata

KAI Services memiliki bidang usaha dengan 2 Core Business yaitu Coverage Service dan Cleaning Building Service yang memiliki Brand Resclean. Resclean Bergerak dalam Bidang Kebersihan yang meliputi Kebersihan dan Keindahan Stasiun (K2), On Trip Cleaning, dan Petugas Cuci Kereta

KAI Services memiliki salah satu bidang usaha dengan Core Business On Board Services yang bernama Restaurant On Train, dengan Branding Kuliner Kereta yang bertugas Mengelola dan Melayani penjualan Makan dan Minum di Setiap Perjalanan Kereta Api.

BINUS Journal – BINUS Higher Education

https://mercubuana-yogya.id/

https://baa.mercubuana-yogya.id/

https://pmb.mercubuana-yogya.id/

https://sso.mercubuana-yogya.id/

https://sia.mercubuana-yogya.id/

https://radenfatah.org/

https://univgadjahmada.com/

https://etd.repository.univgadjahmada.com/

Owner: Sanji

TOGEL

SITUS TOTO

SITUS SLOT

SEPAK BOLA

SEJARAH

Esport

Fakta Unik

Berita Dunia

NANA4D

NANA4D

Menu KFC

Kopi Kenangan

biznet home

PILIHAN SOLUSI LAYANAN INTERNET

Richeese

NANA4D

momoyo

susu cimory

Flip

kasir pintar

nana4d

Harga Berdu

KAI

KAI

NANA4D

Tencent

Cakap

NANA4D

NANA4D

Quipper School Premium

Harvard

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

ROKOKBET

slot200

Jordan Nike

NANA4D

NANA4D

Bali

TOTO

ROKOKBET

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

TOTO

NANA4D

NANA4D

ROKOKBET

ROKOKBET

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

ROKOKBET

NANA4D

https://pemejournal.net

NANA4D

Cek Resi

NANA4D

NANA4D

NANA4D

ROKOKBET

NANA4D

https://floridacomputerhospital.com

https://expresswebz.com

https://ctpcr.org

https://nipngr.org

ROKOKBET

ROKOKBET

https://vasstuviswanath.com

https://researchcell.bkmc.edu.pk

https://mentor.bkmc.edu.pk

https://rcportal.bkmc.edu.pk

https://qec.bkmc.edu.pk

https://test.bkmc.edu.pk

https://researchcell.bkmc.edu.pk

https://apmp.agenciamoustache.com.br

https://policabos.agenciamoustache.com.br

https://ebdi.agenciamoustache.com.br

NANA4D