Sinema Nasional Malaysia: Pasang Surut Budaya Dalam Tiga Era

Mohd Erman Maharam, Mastura Muhammad, Harith Baharuddin

Abstract


Persembahan sinematik atau filem boleh dikupas secara ilmiah dari berbagai sudut ilmu. Filem sebagai sebuah representasi umumnya dibincangkan secara terhad mewakili sesuatu wilayah sosiopolitik tertentu. Oleh itu, penulisan ini membincangkan idea Sinema Nasional bagi sinema Malaysia yang dikesan sebagai sesuatu yang bermasalah kerana hanya ditumpukan pada satu-satu filem atau terhad kepada ketetapan ciri nasional yang sempit. Dengan latar sedemikian, kajian ini mempermasalahkan dan mempersoalkan konsep Sinema Nasional Malaysia dengan hujahan, aspek-aspek sosiobudaya dan politik Malaysia sebagai satu wilayah bertindih dengan institusi budaya serantau melalui pengalaman merantau. Bagi penulisan ini, Malaysia dijejaki secara longue durée kerana estetika sinematik bukan sahaja menganjurkan kaitan kebudayaan serantau, malah tidak berpegang pada sesuatu yang spesifik kerana ianya bereaksi kepada keadaan sosio-politik semasa. Artikel ini mengambil pendekatan diskusi (discourse) dan pasang surut budaya dengan sokongan analisis tekstual dalam membincangkan perubahan interpretasi ruang budaya dari tiga fasa berbeza yang dibahagikan kepada era hitam-putih (1950s-1960s), era independen (1970s-1990s), dan era digital (2000an hingga kini). Filem-filem yang dipilih akan dikupas dengan kaitan isu-isu ini. Berdasarkan analisa filem-filem ini, penulisan ini mencadangkan idea sinema nasional Malaysia harus menerima idea yang sinema nasional tidak homogeny, tetapi, ianya kompleks dan cair kerana idea sinema nasional untuk sebuah negara seperti Malaysia sentiasa berubah bergantung kepada iklim politik yang sering diperbaharui oleh warganya.

 

Kata kunci: Sinema Nasional, identiti budaya, merantau, sinematik, rasa kepunyaan.


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