Pengaruh amalan perancangan keluarga terhadap kadar kelahiran wanita di Tawau Sabah (Family Planning Practices towards Fertility Rate in Tawau Sabah)

Rosniza Aznie Che Rose, Mimi Sulo

Abstract


Persempadanan kawasan negara berhampiran seringkali memberi kesan langsung atau tidak langsung kepada negara jirannya. Hal ini termasuk dalam pengaruh terhadap perkahwinan dan kelahiran anak. Bahkan secara mendalam, ia mempengaruhi kepada keputusan dalam amalan perancangan keluarga. Pengaruh amalan perancangan keluarga terhadap kadar kelahiran di Kampung Titingan Tawau Sabah merupakan kajian yang menarik disebabkan pengaruh dalam amalan perancangan keluarga adalah secara konvensional dan turut dipengaruhi oleh amalan perancangan moden. Justeru, kepelbagaian pengaruh pembuatan keputusan terhadap perancangan keluarga akan diterjemahkan melalui artikel ini dengan usaha mengenalpasti amalan gaya hidup dalam merancang kelahiran, mengkaji cara pengurusan ibu bapa terhadap anak-anak, menganalisis umur pasangan yang mengamalkan perancangan keluarga dan menilai keberkesanan amalan perancangan keluarga. Metod kuantitatif melalui instrumen borang soal selidik ditadbir kepada 120 orang responden wanita yang berumur 18 tahun dan ke atas dan telah berkahwin. Hasil kajian menyatakan bahawa terdapat beberapa kaedah yang digunakan untuk merancang kelahiran, antaranya ialah kaedah kawalan hormon seperti pengambilan pil perancang, kaedah kekal seperti pembedahan pada tiub fallopian dan kaedah semulajadi. Kaedah yang digunakan berbeza-beza kerana mengikut kesesuaian dan kemampuan individu. Kesannya kepada pembangunan kependudukan ialah berlaku kesukaran bagi mengawal perancangan keluarga dalam semua kumpulan masyarakat secara menyeluruh.

Kata Kunci: geografi penduduk, kelahiran, keluarga, perancangan keluarga, pertumbuhan penduduk, umur

The demarcation of areas of nearby countries often has a direct or indirect effect on its neighbors. This is included in the influence on marriage and the birth of children. Even profoundly, it influences decisions in family planning practices. The influence of family planning practices on the birth rate in Kampung Titingan Tawau Sabah is an interesting study because the influence in family planning practices is conventional and is also influenced by modern planning practices. Thus, the diversity of decision-making influences on family planning will be translated through this article in an effort to identify lifestyle practices in birth planning, study how parents manage their children, analyze the age of couples who practice family planning and evaluate the effectiveness of family planning practices. The quantitative method through the instrument of the questionnaire was administered to 120 female respondents aged 18 years and above and were married. The results of the study stated that there are several methods used to plan birth, among them are hormonal control methods such as taking birth control pills, permanent methods such as surgery on the fallopian tubes and natural methods. The methods used vary according to the suitability and ability of the individual. The effect on population development is that there are difficulties in controlling family planning in all community groups as a whole.

Keywords: population geography, birth, family, family planning, population growth, age


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References


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