Pembentukan Etos Nasional Belia Malaysia: Wadah Pembinaan Negara-Bangsa (National Ethos Formation of Malaysian Youth: Medium for Building a Nation State)

Mohd Mahadee Haji Ismail, Nor Azlili Hassan, Azlina Abdullah, Zaini Othman, Marzudi Md Yunus, Hairol Anuar Mak Din

Abstract


Persoalan etos nasional sebagai suatu wadah dalam pembinaan negara-bangsa kurang dibahaskan dalam kalangan sarjana. Dari itu, makalah ini akan mengupas perspektif pembinaan negara-bangsa dari sudut etos nasional sebagai suatu dimensi yang perlu diteliti dalam mencorak pembentukan sesebuah bangsa. Etos nasional merujuk kepada watak, karakter, sikap, etika, keperibadian dan keyakinan atas sesuatu perkara yang dapat menggambarkan ciri-ciri semangat yang dikongsi bersama oleh ahli-ahli masyarakat. Dengan wujudnya etos nasional dalam diri individu, maka ia dapat menggambarkan tentang sentimen kenegaraan yang berpaksikan kepada platform nasional. Sehubungan itu, secara spesifiknya makalah ini mengaplikasikan takrif etos nasional sebagai ciri-ciri unik masyarakat setempat yang mengikat seseorang individu dengan individu yang lain, dan yang mengikat individu dengan negara. Ciri-ciri unik tersebut merangkumi empat dimensi utama iaitu nilai, perasaan dan semangat, kepercayaan dan identiti. Ciri-ciri unik etos nasional tersebut menjadi wadah utama dalam proses pembinaan negara-bangsa Malaysia yang terdiri dari pelbagai etnik. Golongan yang seringkali mendapat tumpuan apabila membahaskan tentang proses pembinaan negara-bangsa ialah golongan belia. Ini kerana mereka adalah tulang belakang dan tunjang bangsa pada masa hadapan. Kejayaan membangunkan golongan belia menjadi penanda aras utama kejayaan pembangunan negara-bangsa pada hari muka. Kajian ini mendapati empat dimensi utama iaitu nilai, perasaan dan semangat, kepercayaan serta identiti telah membentuk suatu ikatan yang kuat antara individu dengan individu yang lain, dan di antara individu dengan negara khususnya dalam kalangan belia yang dikaji. Oleh yang demikian, dalam merealisasikan pembinaan negara-bangsa Malaysia, etos nasional menjadi wadah yang perlu dipupuk dalam diri setiap individu khususnya golongan belia yang masih tercari-cari jati diri mereka.

Kata kunci:  Negara-bangsa; etos nasional; kenegaraan; multietnik; belia Malaysia.

 

Abstract

 

The issue of national ethos as a medium for building a nation state is less debated among the scholars. Hence, this article will examine the perspective of  building a nation-state from the national ethos point of view as a dimension that needs to be carefully studied in shaping the formation of a nation. National ethos refers to the character, attitude, ethics, personality and confidence in the matters that can describe the characteristics of the spirit which shared by members of society. With the existence of a national ethos in the individuals, it can reflect the sentiments of nationhood that centered on the national platform. Accordingly, this paper is specifically applies the definition of national ethos as a unique characteristics of the local community that binds one individual with another individual, and that binds the individuals to the state. These unique characteristics encompass four main dimensions namely values, feelings and spirits, beliefs and identities. The unique characteristics of the national ethos become the main medium in the building process of a multi-ethnic Malaysian nation. The community who often get the attention when debating on the process of nation-building are the youth groups. This is because they are the backbone of the nation in the future. The successful of developing the youth groups is the main benchmark for the success of a nation-state development in the future. This study found that the four main dimensions, namely values, feelings and spirits, beliefs and identities have formed a strong bond between individuals and other individuals, and between individuals and the country, especially among the youths being studied. Therefore, in realizing the building of the Malaysian nation-state, the national ethos has become a medium that needs to be nurtured in every individuals, especially the youth groups who are still searching for their identity.

Keywords:  Nation-state; national ethos; nationhood; multiethnic; Malaysian youth.


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