PENGENALPASTIAN SENSILA PADA ALAT MULUT LARVA DAN DEWASA KUMBANG PALMA MERAH, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (COLEOPTERA: DRYOPTHORIDAE)
Abstract
Sensila merupakan organ deria penting yang membolehkan serangga menghasilkan tindakbalas terhadap rangsangan sekitarannya. Serangga invasif seperti Kumbang Merah Palma, Rynchophorus ferrugineus atau lebih dikenali sebagai Red Palm Weevil (RPW), menggunakan organ derianya bagi mencari perumah yang spesifik dari Famili Palmaceae untuk kelangsungan populasinya. Kajian terhadap sensilla amat penting bagi kefahaman terhadap kelakuannya. Oleh itu, kajian ini menumpukan kepada pengenalpastian sensila pada alat mulut larva dan serangga dewasa RPW dengan menggunakan mikroskop elektron pengimbas (SEM). Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa pada alat mulut larva RPW terdapat lima jenis sensila yang terbahagi kepada 12 subjenis berbeza. Jenis sensila tersebut dibezakan berdasarkan struktur morfologi luaran iaitu sensila trikoid, sensila chaetica, sensila basiconica, sensila coeloconica dan organ digitiform. Sensila trikoid-larva merupakan sensila yang paling banyak ditemui pada alat mulut larva RPW. Bagi organ sensila pada alat mulut RPW dewasa pula, sebanyak enam jenis sensila dengan 15 subjenis telah dikenalpasti iaitu sensila trikoid, sensila chaetica, sensila basiconica, sensila coeloconica, sensila microtrichia, dan sensila kampaniform. Daripada kesemua jenis sensila tersebut, organ digitiform hanya ditemui pada alat mulut larva manakala sensilla mictorichia dan sensilla kampaniform hanya ditemui pada alat mulut RPW dewasa. Sensila reseptor mekanikal adalah yang paling banyak ditemui pada larva RPW manakala pada kumbang RPW dewasa pula sensila reseptor kimia adalah yang terbanyak. Jenis, jumlah dan taburan sensila yang berbeza pada RPW larva dan dewasa menunjukkan fungsi dan keperluan yang berbeza di antara peringkat hidup tersebut. Kajian ini menyediakan maklumat asas bagi pemahaman biologi dan kelakuan RPW yang boleh digunakan dalam merancang pengawalannya pada masa akan datang.
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