Barkod DNA dan rekod pertama Telenomus remus natif (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) yang memparasit ulat ratus invasif, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) dari Sarawak, Malaysia
Abstract
Penularan ulat ratus invasif atau fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, ke atas tanaman jagung seluruh dunia menjadikan spesies ini sebagai satu ancaman utama kepada tanaman ekonomi yang penting. Malaysia tidak terkecuali diserang oleh FAW dan data berkaitan musuh semulajadi FAW di negara ini, termasuk di Sarawak, masih terhad. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti spesies parasitoid yang memparasit telur FAW bagi membangunkan kaedah pengawalan yang terbaik terhadap FAW dan menyediakan barkod DNA bagi spesies yang berasosiasi dengan penanaman jagung di Bintulu, Sarawak. Sampel larva dan telur FAW dikumpul dari kawasan penanaman jagung di Kuala Tatau, bahagian Bintulu, Sarawak, pada Januari-Jun 2022, dan pemeliharaan sampel dijalankan sehingga larva FAW dan parasitoid muncul daripada telur yang dipelihara. Tiga sampel parasitoid dan satu sampel larva FAW dipilih setelah dikenalpasti secara morfologi bagi menjalankan analisis barkod DNA. Barkod DNA berjaya mengenalpasti larva S. frugiperda dan parasitoid Telenomus remus dengan keyakinan > 99%. Hasil kajian ini mendapati penemuan pertama parasitoid natif T. remus dari Sarawak wajar diberi perhatian secara holistik oleh pengkaji serangga kerana spesies ini berpotensi untuk dibangunkan sebagai agen kawalan biologi yang mampan bagi mengekang perebakan ulat ratus invasif ini dari terus membawa kerosakan pada industri pertanian di Sarawak.
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