DETECTION OF TRANSOVARIAL DENGUE VIRUSES IN Aedes albopictus FROM SELECTED LOCALITIES IN KUCHING AND SAMARAHAN DIVISIONS, SARAWAK, MALAYSIA BY REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (RT-PCR)
Abstract
The current study reports the first detection of transovarial dengue virus in the adult of Aedes albopictus raised from immatures including eggs and larvae, collected from December 2014 to February 2016 by using black ovitrap from selected localities in Kuching and Samarahan Divisions, Sarawak. The mosquitoes were screened in the laboratory by using a conventional method of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV-1) and 2 (DENV-2) were detected in two of the mosquito pools comprising of adult females Ae. albopictus which emerged from the immatures. None of the Ae. albopictus male mosquitoes were detected with dengue virus. Our findings revealed the first natural evidence of the transovarial transmission in the natural population of Ae. albopictus at the selected localities. This discovery may aid in establishing more strategic and effective control of Aedes mosquitoes and may also open more discussion and research on the persistency of dengue viruses in the environment via the vertical or transovarial transmission mainly in Sarawak.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Castro, M.G.de, Nogueira, R.M.R., Schatzmayr, H.G., Miagostovich, M.P. & Lourenço-de-oliveira, R. 2004. Dengue virus detection by using reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction in saliva and progeny of experimentally infected Aedes albopictus from Brazil. Memórias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 99(8): 809–814.
Cecílio, A.B., Campanelli, E.S., Souza, K.P.R., Figueiredo, L.B. & Resende, M.C. 2009. Natural vertical transmission by Stegomyia albopictus as dengue vector in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology Revista Brasleira de Biologia 69(1): 123–127.
Chan, M. & Johansson, M.A. 2012. The incubation periods of dengue viruses. PLoS ONE
(11): 1–7.
Cheah, W., Ng, K.S., Marzilawati, A.-R. & Lucy, C.S.L. 2014. A review of dengue research in Malaysia. Medical Journal of Malaysia 69: 59–67.
Chen, R. & Vasilakis, N. 2011. Dengue—quo tu et quo vadis? Viruses 3(9) :1562-1608.
Das, B., Das, M., Dwibedi, B., Kar, S.K. & Hazra, R.K. 2013. Molecular investigations of dengue virus during outbreaks in Orissa state, Eastern India from 2010 to 2011. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 16: 401–410.
El-badry, A.A., El-beshbishy, H.A. & Al-ali, K.H. 2012. Molecular study on the dengue virus in Aedes aegypti from Al- Madinah, Saudi Arabia using one step real time RT-PCR. Science Parasitology 13(4): 133–138.
Fong, L.F., Edwards, A., Wani Muthiah, Sivanandam, H. & Ruban, A. 2014. Change in dengue virus variation behind outbreak. http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/02/15/ new-virus-variation-behind-outbreak-den2-dengue-serotype-leaves-behind-more-harmful-effects-says-d/ [30 September 2019].
Grunnill, M. & Boots, M. 2015. How important is vertical transmission of dengue viruses by mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae)? Journal of Medical Entomology 53(1): 1–19.
Guedes, D.R.D., Cordeiro, M.T., Melo-Santos, M.A.V, Magalhaes, T., Marques, E., Regis, L. & Ayres, C.F.J. 2010. Patient-based dengue virus surveillance in Aedes aegypti from Recife, Brazil. Journal of Vector Borne Diseases 47: 67–75.
Guzman, M.G., Halstead, S.B., Artsob, H., Buchy, P., Farrar, J., Gubler, D.J. & Pelegrino, J.L. 2010. Dengue: a continuing global threat. Nature Publishing Group 8(12): S7–S16.
Holmes, E.C., Tio, P.H., Perera, D., Muhi, J. & Cardosa, J. 2009. Importation and co- circulation of multiple serotypes of dengue virus in Sarawak, Malaysia. Virus Research 143(143): 1–5.
Hutamai, S., Suwonkerd, W., Suwannchote, N., Somboon, P., Prapanthadara, L., Section, D. & Mai, C. 2007. A survey of dengue viral infection in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from re-epidemic areas in the north of Thailand using nucleic acid sequence based amplification assay. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 38(3): 448–454.
Joshi, V., Mourya, D.T., & Sharma, R.C. 2002. Persistence of dengue-3 virus through transovarial transmission passage in successive generations of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 67(2): 158–161.
Kow, C.Y., Koon, L.L., & Yin, P.F. 2001. Detection of dengue viruses in field caught male Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera:Culicidae) in Singapore by type-specific PCR. Journal of Medical Entomology 38(4): 476–479.
Lanciotti, R.S., Calisher, C.H., Gubler, D.J., Chang, G.J., & Vorndam, A.V. 1992. Rapid detection and typing of dengue viruses from clinical samples by using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 30(3): 545– 551.
Martins, V.E.P., Alencar, C.H., Kamimura, M.T., Araujo, F.M.de C., Simone, S.G.de, Dutra, R.F. & Guedes, M.I.F. 2012. Occurrence of natural vertical transmission of dengue-2 and dengue-3 viruses in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Fortaleza, Ceara. PLoS ONE 7(7): 1–9.
Mitchell, C. & Miller, B. 1990. Vertical transmission of dengue viruses by strains of Aedes albopictus recently introduced into Brazil. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 6: 251–253.
Murphy, B.R., & Whitehead, S.S. 2011. Immune response to dengue virus and prospects for a vaccine. Annual Review of Immunology 29: 587-619.
Reynes, J.M., Ong, S., Mey, C., Ngan, C., Hoyer, S. & Sall, A. A. 2003. Improved molecular detection of dengue virus serotype 1 variants. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 41(8): 3864–3867.
Rezza, G. 2012. Aedes albopictus and the re-emergence of dengue. BioMed Central Public Health 12: 1–3.
Rohani, A., Asmaliza, I., Zainah, S., & Lee, H. 1997. Detection of dengue virus from field- caught Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus adults and larvae. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 28(1): 138–142.
Rohani, A., Zamree, I., Joseph, R.T., & Lee, H.L. 2008. Persistency of transovarial dengue virus in Aedes aegypti (Linn.). Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 39(5): 813–816.
Rohani, A., Zamree, I., Lee, H.L., Mustafakamal, I., Norjaiza, M.J. & Kamilan, D. 2007. Detection of transovarial dengue virus from field-caught Aedes aegypti and Aedes. albopictus larvae using C6/36 cell culture and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) techniques. Dengue Bulletin 31: 47–57.
Roque, R.A. & Eiras, A.E. 2008. Calibration and evaluation of field cage for oviposition study with Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti female (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae). Neotropical Entomology 37: 478–485.
Rosa, E., Dahelmi, S, S. & Syamsuardi. 2015. Detection of transovarial dengue virus with RT- PCR in Aedes albopictus (Skuse) larvae inhabiting phytotelmata in endemic DHF areas in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology 3(1): 14-17.
Rueda, L.M. 2004. Pictorial keys for the identification of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) associated with dengue virus transmission. Zootaxa 589: 1–60.
Shroyer, D.A. 1990. Vertical maintenance of dengue virus in sequential generations of Aedes albopictus. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 6(2): 312–314.
Thongrungkiat, S., Maneekan, P., Wasinpiyamongkol, L. & Prummongkol, S. 2011. Prospective field study of transovarial dengue-virus transmission by two different forms of Aedes aegypti in an urban area of Bangkok, Thailand. Journal of Vector Ecology 36(1): 147–152.
Vilela, A. P., Figueiredo, L. B., dos Santos, J. R., Eiras, A. E., Bonjardim, C. A., Ferreira, P. C., & Kroon, E. G. 2010. Dengue virus 3 genotype I in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and eggs, Brazil, 2005–2006. Emerging Infectious Diseases 16(6): 989.
Wan-Norafikah, O., Nazni, W.A., Noramiza, S., Shafa’ar-Ko'ohar, S., Heah, S.K., Nor-Azlina,
A.H. & Lee, H.L. 2012. Distribution of Aedes mosquitoes in three selected localities in Malaysia. Sains Malaysiana 41(10): 1309–1313.
Wasinpiyamongkol, L., Thongrungkiat, S., Jirakanjanakit, N. & Apiwathnasorn, C. 2003. Susceptibility and transovarial transmission of dengue virus in Aedes aegypti: A preliminary study of morphological variations. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 34(l 2): 131–135.
WHO (World Health Organization). 2016. Dengue and severe dengue. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs117/en/ [11 March 2016].
Zeidler, J.D., Acosta, P.O.A., Barrêto, P.P. & Cordeiro, J.D.S. 2008. Dengue virus in Aedes aegypti larvae and infestation dynamics in Roraima, Brazil. Revista de Saude Publica 42(6): 2–6.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.