POTENSI MAKROINVERTEBRAT BENTIK SEBAGAI PENUNJUK BIOLOGI DI EKOSISTEM SUNGAI REKREASI

Ahmad Abas Kutty, Norashila Mohd Fauzi, Nurhafizah-Azwa Satar, Aweng Eh Rak, Sharifah Aisyah Syed Omar

Abstract


Satu kajian untuk menilai kepelbagaian makroinvertebrat bentik dan potensi sebagai penunjuk biologi di Sungai Mendak, Hulu Terengganu telah dijalankan. Pensampelan air dan makroinvertebrat bentik telah dilakukan pada lima stesen dan tiga replikasi sampel telah diambil pada setiap stesen. Parameter oksigen terlarut (DO), suhu, pH dan konduktiviti telah diukur secara in situ menggunakan meter YSI 556, manakala, permintaan oksigen kimia (COD), jumlah pepejal terampai (TSS), permintaan oksigen biokimia (BOD5) dan ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) telah dianalisis di makmal. Berdasarkan kepada indeks kualiti air Malaysia (WQI), Sg. Mendak berada dalam kelas I iaitu sangat bersih. Kebanyakan nilai parameter kualiti air tidak mempunyai perbezaan yang nyata diantara stesen persampelan (p>0.05). Sejumlah tiga kelas, sembilan order, 37 famili dan 1788 individu dikenalpasti dalam persampelan ini. Melalui analisis koresponden kanonikal (CCA), selain daripada parameter kualiti air, parameter persekitaran seperti kanopi, TSS dan substrat mempunyai pengaruh besar terhadap kehadiran dan sebaran kebanyakan makroinvertebrat bentik. Famili Baetidae dan Chironomidae menunjukkan pengadaptasian yang baik pada habitat kajian dan ditemui pada semua stesen persampelan dengan komposisi yang tinggi. Berdasarkan kepada analisis statistik multivariat famili Baetidae didapati berpotensi sebagai penunjuk biologi bagi ekosistem air yang bersih berdasarkan kepada corak sebaran, kelimpahan di kawasan kajian dan hubungan terhadap kualiti air dan faktor persekitaran.


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