KOMUNITI MAKROARTROPODA YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN EKOSISTEM SAWIT DI ATAS JENIS TANAH YANG BERBEZA

Madihah Halim Halim, Dzulhelmi Muhammad Nasir, Andi Saputra, Zeti Aktar Ayob, Syarifah Zulaikha Syed Ahmad, Abdullah Muhaimin Mohammad Din, Wan Nurashikin Wan Mohd Khairuddin, Faszly Rahim

Abstract


Kajian terhadap struktur komuniti tanah di kawasan ladang monokultur masih kurang dan tidak meluas sedangkan komuniti ini memberi sumbangan besar terhadap kestabilan sesuatu ekosistem. Tujuan kajian adalah untuk menentukan perbezaan komposisi makroartropoda yang berasosiasi dengan biojisim sawit mereput di atas tiga jenis tanah yang berbeza berdasarkan kumpulan pemakanan. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah garis transek dengan lima unit persampelan (kuadrat) pada tiga jenis tanah yang berbeza di ekosistem sawit Ladang Endau Rompin, Pahang iaitu di tanah liat, tanah gambut cetek dan juga tanah gambut dalam. Jumlah keseluruhan unit persampelan adalah 15 unit dan persampelan dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali. Sejumlah 942 individu daripada 14 order makroartropoda dan 38 famili berjaya disampel di Ladang Endau Rompin. Kajian ini memperolehi empat kelas artropoda iaitu Arachnida, Heksapoda, Malacostraca dan Miriapoda. Jenis tanah yang mencatatkan bilangan individu artropoda masing-masing iaitu tanah liat (432 individu; 12 order; 30 famili), tanah gambut cetek (386 individu; 14 order; 30 famili) dan tanah gambut dalam (133 individu; 9 order; 18 famili). Perbezaan yang signifikan (χ2 = 312.285, dk = 74, p <0.05) telah dikenalpasti antara jenis tanah dan famili makroartropoda. Melalui analisis pengelompokan dua hala mengikut pembahagian transek, 11 kelompok komuniti makroartropoda tanah dapat dikenalpasti berdasarkan kumpulan pemakanan. Kumpulan pemakanan omnivor (69%) adalah kumpulan pemakanan yang tertinggi diikuti oleh kumpulan pemakanan pemangsa (17.3%), pebangkai (13.4%) dan akhir sekali ialah fitofagus (0.3%). Kajian ini berjaya mengenalpasti komuniti makroartropoda tanah yang berasosiasi dengan biojisim sawit mereput di atas jenis tanah yang berbeza berdasarkan kumpulan pemakanan dan kelimpahan komuniti tanah berpandukan kedudukan petak tanaman.

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