Pengawasan dan Penapisan Siber Kerajaan: Analisis Persepsi Belia Malaysia dan Implikasinya
Abstract
ngan meningkatkan pengawasan dan penapisan internet dengan cara menyekat laman sesawang kritikal, memantau akaun-akaun media sosial dan mengenakan penalti jenayah terhadap mereka yang memberi ancaman kepada pengguna lain dalam talian. Namun, usaha ini sebenarnya mewujudkan konflik antara masyarakat dengan kerajaan apabila tindakan ini dilihat seperti menceroboh hak privasi individu. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persepsi belia Malaysia terhadap pengawasan dan penapisan siber serta menyelidiki impak pengawasan dan penapisan siber ini ke atas belia Malaysia. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif menerusi instrumen temu bual bersama dengan seramai 20 informan dalam kalangan belia, termasuk aktivis belia dan pakar bidang. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa belia Malaysia mempunyai persepsi yang beragam terhadap pengawasan dan penapisan siber. Terdapat golongan yang pro, neutral dan anti-pengawasan dan penapisan siber bergantung kepada situasi dan konteks semasa. Kajian ini turut mendapati bahawa kerajaan melaksanakan pengawasan dan penapisan siber bagi tujuan keselamatan negara dan masyarakat. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat juga belia yang merasakan bahawa tindakan ini mencabuli hak kebebasan besuara, dan dilaksanakan kerajaan semata-mata kerana agenda politik, khususnya bagi mengekalkan status quo mereka. Kesannya, pengawasan dan penapisan siber ini dilihat mewujudkan kerajaan yang lebih autokratik, namun belia semakin agresif dalam mengkritik dan menyuarakan pandangan politik di media sosial. Oleh itu, kajian ini dapat menyediakan kerangka mekanisme untuk memberi kesedaran kepada belia tentang kepentingan pengawasan dan penapisan siber.
Kata kunci: Belia, pengawasan, penapisan, siber, kerajaan.
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