Mapping Indonesian Women's Political Participation in the 2024 Presidential Election Based on Twitter Social Media Data Mining

Catur Suratnoaji, Syifa Syarifah Alamiyah

Abstract


Three presidential candidates contest the 2024 presidential election of the Republic of Indonesia. The number of Indonesian voters was 49.96% male and 50.04% female. The female group was one of the potential targets the presidential candidates chose to support. Although the number of female voters were more significant than male voters, women's participation in politics in Indonesia was still male. The low involvement of Indonesian women in politics is due to patriarchal culture. The presence of communication technology, such as social media platforms, has the potential to change the political behavior of Indonesian women in expressing their opinions and political attitudes. This is what prompted the researchers to conduct research. This study uses the Netnography method, supported by communication network analysis. Twitter social media data mining was carried out using NodeXL software. The study results show that women dare to express political discussions on social media rather than face-to-face. However, big cities in Java still dominate women's participation in political debates, such as in Bandung, Yogyakarta, Jakarta, and Surabaya. Meanwhile, women outside Java still need to be more involved in political discussions. Female figures who received more responses from Twitter users include: Yurisa Agustina Samosir (account @Yurisa_Samosir) and Marlina (account @marlina_idha). Issues that women more widely discuss include education, economy, and online gaming policies. Based on the analysis of communication networks, women prefer the Prabowo-Gibran presidential pair over the Anis-Muhammin or Ganjar-Mahfud pairs.

 

Keywords: Computer Mediated Communication Theory, political participation, women, big data, gender equality.

 

https://doi.org/10.17576/JKMJC-2025-4101-16


Full Text:

PDF

References


Achfandhy, M. I., Pujianto, W. T., Daniyarti, W. D., & Jamiah, R. (2024). The Pre-Presidential Election 2024: Uncovering the consistency of religious politicization. Jurnal Ilmiah Islam Futura, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.22373/jiif.v24i1.17103

Anstead, N., & O’Loughlin, B. (2015). Social media analysis and public opinion: The 2010 UK General Election. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 20(1), 204-220. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12102

Atnan, N., & Abrar, A. N. (2023). Relation of social media literacy, trust, and information quality on public communication behaviour in urban local government social media in Indonesia. Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 39(2). https://doi.org/10.17576/JKMJC-2023-3902-12

Barkman, L. L. S. (2018). Muted group theory: A tool for hearing marginalized voices the beginning and development of MGT. Priscilla Papers, 32(4).

Cai, Y. L. (2023). Strengthening perceptions of virtual team cohesiveness and effectiveness in new normal: A hyperpersonal communication theory perspective. Asian Business and Management, 22(4). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41291-023-00225-6

Castells, M. (2016). Materials for an exploratory theory of the network society 1. In W. Longhofer & D. Winchester (Eds.), Social theory re-wired: New connections to classical and contemporary perspectives (2nd ed.). Routledge.

Discetti, R., & Anderson, V. (2023). The value of netnography for research in HRD. Human Resource Development Review, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/15344843221137506

Doron, A., & Raja, I. (2015). The cultural politics of shit: Class, gender and public space in India. Postcolonial Studies, 18(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/13688790.2015.1065714

Gaeta, A., Orciuoli, F., & Parente, M. (2023). An emotion-driven virtual counselling system in computer-mediated communication. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 14(4), 3531–3549. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-021-03483-4

Hansen, D. L., Shneiderman, B., & Smith, M. A. (2011). Analyzing social media networks with NodeXL. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2009-0-64028-9

Karnowski, V., & Kümpel, A. S. (2016). Diffusion of innovations: von Everett M. Rogers (1962). In Potthoff, M. (Ed.), Schlüsselwerke der Medienwirkungsforschung (pp 97–107). Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-09923-7_9

Kollo, F. L. (2017). Budaya patriarki dan partisipasi perempuan dalam bidang politik budaya patraiki. Repository Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, III(November).

Kozinets, R. V. (2023). Immersive netnography: A novel method for service experience research in virtual reality, augmented reality and metaverse contexts. Journal of Service Management, 34(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-12-2021-0481

Kozinets, R. V., Dolbec, P.-Y., & Earley, A. (2014). Netnographic analysis: Understanding culture through social media data. In R. V. Kozinets, P.-Y., Dolbec & A., Earley (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative data analysis (Chap. 18). Sage Publication. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446282243.n18

Kozinets, R. V., Scaraboto, D., & Parmentier, M. A. (2018). Evolving netnography: How brand auto-netnography, a netnographic sensibility, and more-than-human netnography can transform your research. Journal of Marketing Management, 34(3–4), 231-242. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2018.1446488

Kramarae, C. (2005). Muted group theory and communication: Asking dangerous questions. Women and Language, 28(2), 55-61.

Littlejohn, S., W., Foss, K. A., & Oetzel, J. G. (2017). Theories of human communication (11th ed.). Waveland Press.

Merriam Webster Dictionary. (n.d.). Social media definition and meaning. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/social%20media

Neill, M. S. (2022). Book review: Analyzing social media networks with NodeXL, by Derek L. Hansen, Ben Shneiderman, Marc A. Smith, and Itai Himelboim, eds. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, 77(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/10776958211065948

Nejad, M. Z., Golshan, M., & Naeimi, A. (2021). The effect of synchronous and asynchronous computer-mediated communication (CMC) on learners’ pronunciation achievement. Cogent Psychology, 8(1). https://doi.org/pdtw

Pekkala, K., & van Zoonen, W. (2022). Work-related social media use: The mediating role of social media communication self-efficacy. European Management Journal, 40(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2021.03.004

Priandi, R., & Roisah, K. (2019). Upaya meningkatkan partisipasi politik perempuan dalam pemilihan umum di Indonesia. Jurnal Pembangunan Hukum Indonesia, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.14710/jphi.v1i1.106-116

Richmond, V. P., & McCroskey, J. C. (2019). Human communication theory and research. In D. W. Stacks, M. B. Salwen & K. C. Eichhorn (Eds.), An integrated approach to communication theory and research (Chap. 18). Routledge. https://doi.org/pdtt

Saad, S., & Sannusi, S. N. (2023). Pilihan Raya Umum Ke-15 (PRU15): Analisis bias media portal berita dalam talian di Malaysia. Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 39(4). https://doi.org/10.17576/jkmjc-2023-3904-13

Saana, N. (2024). Evaluasi Pemilu 2019 dalam rangka penataan Skema Pemilu Serentak 2024. Jurnal Pengawasan Pemilu.

Shibuya, Y., Hamm, A., & Cerratto Pargman, T. (2022). Mapping HCI research methods for studying social media interaction: A systematic literature review. Computers in Human Behavior, 129, 107131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.107131

Simamora, I. Y., Nasution, A. A. M., Novita, D. D., Syahira, Z., Nazwa, W. S., & Siregar, R. A. (2024). Peran Generasi Z di Pemilu 2024 di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 8(1).

Suhenty, L. (2022). Relevansi partisipasi politik perempuan dan keterpilihan perempuan dalam Pilkada Serentak 2020. Jurnal Keadilan Pemilu, 1(2). https://doi.org/pdtv

Suratnoaji, C. (2018). Strength map of Presidential Candidates 2019 in Indonesia based on a NodeXL analysis of big data from Twitter 1. Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research, 6(1), 31–38. https://doi.org/10.15206/ajpor.2018.6.1.31

Tasnima, T., Md Syed, M. A., Padzil, R., & Bakar Ah, S. H. A. (2023). Women, technology and gender-based violence in Bangladesh. Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 39(4). https://doi.org/10.17576/JKMJC-2023-3904-09

Treem, J. W., Leonardi, P. M., & Van Den Hooff, B. (2020). Computer-mediated communication in the age of communication visibility. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmz024

Sloan, L., Quan-Haase, A., & Vitak, J. (2016). Facebook as a research tool in the social and computer sciences. The SAGE handbook of social media research methods (pp. 627-642). SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781473983847

Walther, J. B., & Whitty, M. T. (2021). Language, psychology, and new new media: The hyperpersonal model of mediated communication at twenty-five years. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 40(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X20967703

Yao, M. Z., & Ling, R. (2020). “What is computer-mediated communication?”—An introduction to the special issue. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmz027


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


e-ISSN: 2289-1528