Digitalisasi di Kalangan Pelarian di Malaysia
Abstract
Proses digitalisasi merupakan satu kaedah pengurusan di abad kini yang termasuk di dalam konsep Pengurusan Pentadbiran Baharu (NPM). Proses pendigitalan telah berlaku dengan begitu pesat di Malaysia yang melibatkan pelbagai sektor kewangan mahupun bukan kewangan. Pelbagai pihak terkesan dengan proses digitalisasi yang berlaku termasuklah golongan pelarian yang mendapatkan perlindungan di Malaysia. Di dalam usaha pendigitalan ini, beberapa elemen yang berkait rapat dengan digitalisasi iaitu dunia maya global, landskap maklumat dan digital augmentari merupakan unsur yang penting bagi mencapai matlamat pendigitalan yang mampan di kalangan pelarian. Hal ini penting kerana golongan pelarian tidak diiktiraf secara rasmi oleh pihak kerajaan. Oleh itu, platform digital perlu dimanfaatkan di dalam pengurusan pelarian di Malaysia. Berlandaskan kepada elemen tersebut, kajian kualitatif ini telah dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan tiga informan yang mewakili pihak kerajaan, swasta dan badan NGO yang berpusat di Putrajaya, Malaysia. Temu bual mendalam yang dilakukan mendapati bahawa proses pendigitalan telah berlaku untuk membantu pihak kerajaan memastikan setiap pelarian yang memasuki negara ini dapat diurus dengan lebih baik. Terdapat juga golongan pelarian yang berjaya didaftarkan secara rasmi kerana proses pendigitalan memudahkan pendaftaran pelarian dengan pihak UNHCR Malaysia. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat ruang penambahbaikan bagi memastikan sistem-sistem digital kerajaan berfungsi secara sekata di dalam menangani masalah pelarian di Malaysia. Hasil kajian ini memberikan manfaat kepada pihak kerajaan dan pihak lain yang terlibat secara langsung seperti Badan Bukan Kerajaan dan UNHCR serta penyelidik dan pelajar yang mendalami ilmu pelarian di Malaysia.
Kata kunci: Digitalisasi, Internet, jalur lebar, pelarian, teknologi.
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