Masa Hadapan Akhbar Malaysia dalam Masyarakat Jaringan
Abstract
Masa hadapan akhbar masih lagi kabur, termasuk di Malaysia. Apa yang jelas, masa hadapannya nampak menjurus kepada bentuk digital, berita dibaca melalui telefon pintar, tab atau bentuk-bentuk gajet yang lain. Sirkulasi akhbar bercetak pula dijangka terus menjunam. Kajian ini meneliti dua persoalan utama iaitu langkah-langkah yang dilaksanakan akhbar Malaysia untuk meningkatkan sirkulasi akhbar dan bagaimana meningkatkan populariti akhbar online. Selain itu, gajet juga dikaji sama ada menjadi alat yang memberi risiko atau peluang terhadap masa hadapan akhbar. Empat akhbar dikaji ialah Sinar Harian, Berita Harian, Harian Metro dan Sin Chew Daily dengan 11 orang editor berita dan editor dalam talian ditemubual. Kategori yang dicadangkan Wahl Jorgensen et al. (2016) digunakan sebagai asas perbincangan iaitu Risiko dan Ancaman, Peluang dan Kewartawanan Digital. Dapatan kajian mendapati langkah utama untuk meningkatkan sirkulasi akhbar termasuklah meningkatkan kualiti kandungan dan reka letak akhbar, di samping meningkatkan promosi akhbar. Akhbar dalam talian pula dilihat sebagai alat survival kewartawanan, kerana membolehkan kewartawanan berfungsi kepada khalayaknya. Dari segi peluang yang disediakan oleh gajet kepada masa hadapan akhbar Malaysia, ia dilihat dalam beberapa bentuk seperti Peluang yang Diancam dan Peluang dan Risiko. Kewartawanan digital khususnya kewartawanan data pula nampaknya belum dilihat sebagai masa hadapan kewartawanan dalam konteks editor di Malaysia.
Kata Kunci: Sirkulasi akhbar cetak, akhbar online, gajet, kewartawanan digital, Malaysia.
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