The Medina Charter as the Basis of Social Unity for Multi-Ethnic Communities in Medina

Lina Mastura Jusoh, Nuradlin Syafini Nawi, Zaleha Embong, Wahyudi Rahmat

Abstract


ABSTRACT


The Medina Charter is the first written constitution in the world, drafted by the Prophet to manage the community in Medina. Before the inception of Islam, Medina did not have an organised political system, and the people lived in factions and separated. Madinah frequently experienced conflicts due to its people’s strong sense of asabiyyah, leading them to engage in disputes over minor matters. Nevertheless, the Prophet had drafted the Medina Charter to manage the multi-racial community. As a result, mutual respect and good relations, regardless of Muslim or non-Muslim ethnicity, positively impact the relationship, enabling the community to coexist in harmony and peace. Thus, this article aims to identify and analyse the Charter of Medina as the basis of social cohesion in a multi-ethnic society in Medina. This article employed data collection methods through interviews and a literature review. Furthermore, the content analysis method is used to analyse the data obtained. The study’s findings indicate that the Medina Charter successfully fostered good relations, mutual assistance, and social unity within Medina’s multi-ethnic community.

Keywords: Charter of Medina; social cohesion; multi-ethnic

 

ABSTRAK

Piagam Madinah merupakan perlembagaan bertulis pertama dunia yang digubal oleh Rasulullah untuk mengurus masyarakat di Madinah. Sebelum kedatangan Islam, Madinah tidak mempunyai sistem politik yang teratur dan masyarakatnya hidup secara berpuak-puak serta terpisah. Madinah sering timbul konflik kerana masyarakatnya mempunyai semangat asabiyyah yang tinggi sehingga sanggup berperang walaupun melibatkan isu kecil. Namun begitu, Baginda telah menggubal Piagam Madinah yang mengurus masyarakat multietnik. Oleh demikian, hal ini memberi kesan baik kepada hubungan kerana wujud sikap saling menghormati dan hubungan baik tanpa mengira etnik Islam dan etnik bukan Islam, manakala komuniti pula dapat hidup dalam keadaan harmoni dan aman damai. Justeru, artikel ini bertujuan mengenal pasti dan menganalisis Piagam Madinah sebagai asas kesepaduan sosial dalam masayarakat multietnik di Madinah. Artikel ini menggunakan kaedah pengumpulan data melalui temu bual dan kajian kepustakaan. Manakala, kaedah analisis kandungan digunakan untuk menganalisis data yang diperoleh. Hasil dapatan mendapati Piagam Madinah telah berjaya membentuk hubungan baik dan saling membantu dalam masyarakat multietnik di Madinah serta mewujudkan kesepaduan sosial di Madinah.

Kata kunci: Piagam Madinah; kesepaduan sosial; multietnik


Keywords


Charter of Medina; social cohesion; multi-ethnic

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ISSN 0126-5636 | e-ISSN : 2600-8556

Faculty of Islamic Studies
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan
MALAYSIA

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