Genesis Falsafah Sejarah Islam dan Perkembangannya Pasca Ibn Khaldun

Abstract

 Penulisan ini membincangkan genesis dan perkembangan disiplin falsafah sejarah Islam yang dibangunkan dari kerangka historiografi Islam. Fokus adalah untuk membina asal usul atau genesis falsafah sejarah Islam dan prosesnya dalam menjadi ranting kepada disiplin historiografi Islam. Menggunakan pendekatan kronologi sejarah dan analisis kandungan, penulisan ini menelusuri kepada epistemologi historiografi Islam yang berkembang daripada aliran naratif isnad, hawliyyah, khabar, dinasti, tabaqat dan salasilah kepada metode analisis sejarah yang diasaskan oleh Ibn Khaldun pada abad ke-14 yang mengubah paradigma metodologi historiografi daripada naratif kepada analisis bagi memahami sejarah dan membina kerangka komprehensif tamadun Islam. Asas epistemologi sejarah yang diasaskan Ibn Khaldun boleh ditafsirkan sebagai genesis kepada disiplin falsafah sejarah Islam yang kemudiannya membentuk dan merintis epistemologi sejarah ahli falsafah sejarah yang lain pasca Ibn Khaldun seperti Malek Bennabi, Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas dan Nayef al-Rodhan yang mewakili dimensi perkembangan idea sejarah di dunia Islam pada abad ke-20 dan ke-21.

The Genesis of Muslim Philosophy of History and Its Development After Ibn Khaldun

This writing addresses the origin and development of Muslim philosophy of history developed from a framework of Muslim historiography. The focus is to assess the genesis of Muslim philosophy of history and its process of becoming a sub-field in Muslim historiography. Using historical chronology and document analysis approaches, this writing delves into the epistemology of Muslim historiography being expanded on the school of narrative intended to record the history by using the method of writing isnad, hawliyyah, khabar, dynasty, tabaqat and geneology which later changes and transformed into the method of historical analysis as was pioneered by Ibn Khaldun. To sum up, the coming into being of Ibn Khaldun in the 14th century has changed the paradigm of methodology dealing with Muslim historiography from narrative to analysis basis as he introduces a methodology and a framework of analysis used to understand the history and construct a comprehensive framework of Islamic civilization. The basis of Ibn Khaldun’s epistemology of history can be interpreted as the origin of Muslim philosophy of history discipline which later shapes the historical epistemology of Muslim philosophers of history post Ibn Khaldun, such as Malek Bennabi, Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas and Nayef al-Rodhan respectively representing distinguished ideas of history in the Muslim World in 20th and 21st centuries.